{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T02:06:14Z","timestamp":1783908374958,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the clinical utility of ultrasound in diagnosing sarcopenia in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), focusing on muscle mass, strength, and physical fitness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective analysis was conducted on 167 patients with DLBCL (88 with sarcopenia and 79 without). Muscle thickness (MT), cross-sectional area (CSA), and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) were measured using ultrasound at various anatomical sites. Diagnostic efficacy of muscle indices for sarcopenia was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with sarcopenia exhibited significant reductions in MT and CSA across multiple muscle groups, including biceps brachii (BB), vastus intermedius (VI), and rectus femoris (RF) (all p \u2264 0.001). ROC analysis identified RF-CSA as the most effective indicator of sarcopenia, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87, a sensitivity of 86%, and a specificity of 83% at a critical value of 7.08 cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Multivariate analysis revealed that reduced MT and CSA significantly increased the risk of sarcopenia after adjusting for age, gender, and physical performance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound was a cost-effective and accessible diagnostic tool for identifying sarcopenia in DLBCL patients. Early detection through ultrasound can guide timely interventions and improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2025-0036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T07:57:55Z","timestamp":1751961475000},"page":"301-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Value of ultrasound assessment of sarcopenia in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Teng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory Cardiovascular Proteomics , Jinan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjun","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory Cardiovascular Proteomics , Jinan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, the People\u2019s Hospital of Yinan , Linyi , China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory Cardiovascular Proteomics , Jinan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory Cardiovascular Proteomics , Jinan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijiang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory Cardiovascular Proteomics , Jinan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruy\u00e8re O, Cederholm T, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing 2019; 48: 16-31. doi: 10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yalcin A, Aras S, Atmis V, Cengiz OK, Cinar E, Atli T, et al. Sarcopenia and mortality in older people living in a nursing home in Turkey. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1118-24. doi: 10.1111\/ggi.12840","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12840"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carmeli E. Frailty and primary sarcopenia: A review. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 1020: 53-68. doi: 10.1007\/5584_2017_18","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2017_18"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin L, Birdsell L, Macdonald N, Reiman T, Clandinin MT, McCargar LJ, et al. Cancer cachexia in the age of obesity: skeletal muscle depletion is a powerful prognostic factor, independent of body mass index. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 1539-47. doi: 10.1200\/JCO.2012.45.2722","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.45.2722"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamarajah SK, Bundred J, Tan BHL. Body composition assessment and sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Gastric Cancer 2019; 22: 10-22. doi: 10.1007\/s10120-018-0882-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-018-0882-2"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng HY, Zha P, Peng L, Hou L, Huang KL, Li XY. Preoperative sarcopenia is a predictor of poor prognosis of esophageal cancer after esophagectomy: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32: doy115. doi: 10.1093\/dote\/doy115","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doy115"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mintziras I, Miligkos M, W\u00e4chter S, Manoharan J, Maurer E, Bartsch DK. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are significantly associated with poorer overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2018; 59: 19-26. doi: 10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.09.014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.09.014"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun G, Li Y, Peng Y, Lu D, Zhang F, Cui X, et al. Can sarcopenia be a predictor of prognosis for patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2018; 33: 1419-27. doi: 10.1007\/s00384-018-3128-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-018-3128-1"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burkart M, Schieber M, Basu S, Shah P, Venugopal P, Borgia JA, et al. Evaluation of the impact of cachexia on clinical outcomes in aggressive lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2019; 186: 45-53. doi: 10.1111\/bjh.15889","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15889"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Go SI, Kim HG, Kang MH, Park S, Lee GW. Prognostic model based on the geriatric nutritional risk index and sarcopenia in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20: 439. doi: 10.1186\/s12885-020-06921-2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-06921-2"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin RJ, Michaud L, Lobaugh SM, Nakajima R, Mauguen A, Elko TA, et al. The geriatric syndrome of sarcopenia impacts allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes in older lymphoma patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61: 1833-41. doi: 10.1080\/10428194.2020.1742909","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1742909"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karmali R, Alrifai T, Fughhi IAM, Ng R, Chukkapalli V, Shah P, et al. Impact of cachexia on outcomes in aggressive lymphomas. Ann Hematol 2017; 96: 951-56. doi: 10.1007\/s00277-017-2958-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-017-2958-1"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camus V, Lanic H, Kraut J, Modzelewski R, Clatot F, Picquenot JM, et al. Prognostic impact of fat tissue loss and cachexia assessed by computed tomography scan in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with immunochemotherapy. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93: 9-18. doi: 10.1111\/ejh.12285","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12285"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morton LM, Wang SS, Devesa SS, Hartge P, Weisenburger DD, Linet MS. Lymphoma incidence patterns by WHO subtype in the United States, 1992-2001. Blood 2006; 107: 265-76. doi: 10.1182\/blood-2005-06-2508","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-06-2508"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di M, Huntington SF, Olszewski AJ. Challenges and opportunities in the management of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in older patients. Oncologist 2021; 26: 120-32. doi: 10.1002\/onco.13610","DOI":"10.1002\/onco.13610"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith A, Crouch S, Lax S, Li J, Painter D, Howell D, et al. Lymphoma incidence, survival and prevalence 2004-2014: subtype analyses from the UK\u2019s Haematological Malignancy Research Network. Br J Cancer 2015; 112: 1575-84. doi: 10.1038\/bjc.2015.94","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.94"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cordoba R, Luminari S, Eyre TA. The use of frailty assessments in treating older adults with aggressive lymphomas. Br J Haematol 2021; 194: 677-85. doi: 10.1111\/bjh.17384","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17384"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Surov A, Wienke A. Sarcopenia predicts overall survival in patients with malignant hematological diseases: a meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2021; 40: 1155-60. doi: 10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.07.023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.07.023"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anker SD, Morley JE, von Haehling S. Welcome to the ICD-10 code for sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2016; 7: 512-14. doi: 10.1002\/jcsm.12147","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12147"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang JC, Wu WT, Chang KV, Chen LR, Chi SY, Kara M, et al. Ultrasound imaging for the diagnosis and evaluation of sarcopenia: an umbrella review. Life (Basel) 2021; 12: 9. doi: 10.3390\/life12010009","DOI":"10.3390\/life12010009"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perkisas S, Baudry S, Bauer J, Beckw\u00e9e D, De Cock AM, Hobbelen H, et al. The SARCUS project: evidence-based muscle assessment through ultrasound. Eur Geriatr Med 2019; 10: 157-58. doi: 10.1007\/s41999-018-0141-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-018-0141-4"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ticinesi A, Meschi T, Narici MV, Lauretani F, Maggio M. Muscle ultrasound and sarcopenia in older individuals: a clinical perspective. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18: 290-300. doi: 10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.11.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.11.013"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung TW, Chou MY, Iijima K, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21: 300-07.e2. doi: 10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mijnarends DM, Meijers JM, Halfens RJ, ter Borg S, Luiking YC, Verlaan S, et al. Validity and reliability of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older people: a systematic review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013; 14: 170-78. doi: 10.1016\/j. jamda.2012.10.009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2012.10.009"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faulkner JA, Larkin LM, Claflin DR, Brooks SV. Age-related changes in the structure and function of skeletal muscles. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 34: 1091-96. doi: 10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04752.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04752.x"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lanic H, Kraut-Tauzia J, Modzelewski R, Clatot F, Mareschal S, Picquenot JM, et al. Sarcopenia is an independent prognostic factor in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with immunochemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55: 817-23. doi: 10.3109\/10428194.2013.816421","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2013.816421"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucijani\u0107 M, Huzjan Koruni\u0107 R, Ivi\u0107 M, Fazli\u0107 D\u017eanki\u0107 A, Jonji\u0107 \u017d, Mitrovi\u0107 Z, et al. Psoas muscle index at the time of diagnosis might reflect the prognosis of classical Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma patients. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2022; 134: 80-82. doi: 10.1007\/s00508-021-01850-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-021-01850-x"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iltar U, S\u00f6zel H, S\u00f6zel YK, Ata\u015f \u00dc, Y\u00fccel OK, Salim O, et al. Prognostic impact of the psoas muscle index, a parameter of sarcopenia, in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62: 1098-1106. doi: 10.1080\/10428194.2020.1856833","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1856833"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stringer HJ, Wilson D. The role of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia. J Frailty Aging 2018; 7: 258-61. doi: 10.14283\/jfa.2018.24","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2018.24"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galindo Mart\u00edn CA, Monares Zepeda E, Lescas M\u00e9ndez OA. Bedside ultrasound measurement of rectus femoris: a tutorial for the nutrition support clinician. J Nutr Metab 2017; 2017: 2767232. doi: 10.1155\/2017\/2767232","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2767232"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi Y, Im S, Park GY. Ultrasound evaluation of the rectus femoris for sarcopenia in patients with early subacute stroke. J Clin Med 2021; 10: 3010. doi: 10.3390\/jcm10143010","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10143010"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsuzawa R, Yamamoto S, Suzuki Y, Imamura K, Harada M, Matsunaga A, et al. The clinical applicability of ultrasound technique for diagnosis of sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nutr 2021; 40: 1161-67. doi: 10.1016\/j. clnu.2020.07.025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.07.025"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berger J, Bunout D, Barrera G, de la Maza MP, Henriquez S, Leiva L, et al. Rectus femoris (RF) ultrasound for the assessment of muscle mass in older people. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 61: 33-38. doi: 10.1016\/j.archger.2015.03.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2015.03.006"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu XT, He DL, Tian MX, Wu HJ, Jin X. Prognostic value of sarcopenia in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9: 816883. doi: 10.3389\/fnut.2022.816883","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.816883"},{"key":"2026071215515293807_j_raon-2025-0036_ref_035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seymour JM, Ward K, Sidhu PS, Puthucheary Z, Steier J, Jolley CJ, et al. Ultrasound measurement of rectus femoris cross-sectional area and the relationship with quadriceps strength in COPD. Thorax 2009; 64: 418-23. doi: 10.1136\/thx.2008.103986","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.103986"}],"container-title":["Radiology and Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/pdf\/10.2478\/raon-2025-0036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T01:12:19Z","timestamp":1783905139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/article\/10.2478\/raon-2025-0036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2478\/raon-2025-0036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/raon-2025-0036","relation":{},"ISSN":["1581-3207"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1581-3207","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]}}}