{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T20:02:56Z","timestamp":1783108976556,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fibromyalgia symptoms have a significant impact on the quality of life and respond poorly to medications. It has been hypothesized that the use of low-energy pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) induces neuroprotective effects that may interfere with pain perception. We explored the efficacy of PEMF in patients affected by fibromyalgia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-one females (median age 59 years, interquartile range [IQR] 16.5) affected by fibromyalgia were randomized to receive pulsed electromagnetic field-triple energy pain treatment (PEMF-TEPT) or placebo at T0 and at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), widespread pain index (WPI), visual analog score (VAS) pain, symptom severity (SS) scale, and short form 36 (SF-36) health survey questionnaire have been evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients in the PEMF-TEPT group had a significantly higher reduction of WPI compared to placebo (mean difference \u221212.90 \u00b1 standard deviation [SD] 5.32 vs. \u22121.91 \u00b1 4.55, difference in difference [DD] of \u221210.99; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), of SS score (\u22124.10 \u00b1 4.85 vs. \u22122.00 \u00b1 2.32; DD = \u22122.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), of VAS pain (\u221248 \u00b1 30.75 vs. \u221216.82 \u00b1 23.69; DD = \u221231.18; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). They also reported a higher improvement of FIQ and SF-36, albeit not reaching statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In our pilot controlled study, PEMF-TEPT appeared to be safe and improved fibromyalgia symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2478\/rir-2022-0013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T16:20:21Z","timestamp":1657124421000},"page":"77-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Low-energy pulsed electromagnetic field therapy reduces pain in fibromyalgia: A randomized single-blind controlled pilot study"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Giovale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology , ASL3 Genovese , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Novelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital , Rozzano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Persico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics , University of Genova , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital , Rozzano , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences , Humanitas University , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Rampoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"THS Therapeutic Solutions srl , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology , ASL3 Genovese , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Monteforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology , ASL3 Genovese , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marica","family":"Doveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology , ASL3 Genovese , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerolamo","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology , ASL3 Genovese , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Selmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital , Rozzano , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences , Humanitas University , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi Carlo","family":"Bottaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Direction, ASL3 Genovese , Genoa , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023022814563962284_j_rir-2022-0013_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borchers AT, Gershwin ME. Fibromyalgia: A Critical and Comprehensive Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015;49: 100\u2013151.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8509-4"},{"key":"2023022814563962284_j_rir-2022-0013_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolfe F, Clauw DJ, Fitzcharles M-A, et al. 2016 Revisions to the 2010\/2011 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016;46:319\u2013329.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012"},{"key":"2023022814563962284_j_rir-2022-0013_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H\u00e4user W, Ablin J, Fitzcharles M-A, et al. Fibromyalgia. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15022.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.22"},{"key":"2023022814563962284_j_rir-2022-0013_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macfarlane GJ, Kronisch C, Dean LE, et al. EULAR Revised Recommendations for the Management of Fibromyalgia. 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