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The aim of our study was to report the epidemiologic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of DM associated with malignancy in patients from Sfax, south eastern of Tunisia. Methods. A retrospective cohort study of patients with DM or PM admitted in Dermatology and Internal Medicine Departments of Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax between 1996 and 2015. Cases of DM or PM associated with malignancy were retained. Results. Seventeen cases (13.5%) of DM or PM associated with malignancy were noted. Fourteen patients had DM and 3 patients had PM. The Sex ratio M \/ F was 0.3 and the mean age at diagnosis was 56.5 years. In DM patients, malignancy preceded the myositis in 64.2% of cases. In PM patients, only one patient was known to have breast cancer and the myositis revealed the cancer for 2 others. Treatment consisted of corticosteroids associated with methotrexate in 4 cases. Outcome was fatal in 5 cases (29.4%), due to the underlying cancer in 3 cases. Swallowing disorders related to DM\/PM were responsible for death in 2 cases. Conclusion. There are no specific clinical or biological features in paraneoplastic DM. In our series, breast neoplasm represented the first cancer associated with DM. Cancers of nasopharynx, colon and urinary tract had the second position.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/rjim-2018-0015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]],"date-time":"2018-05-23T18:16:42Z","timestamp":1527099402000},"page":"243-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Malignancy in a retrospective cohort of 17 patients with Dermatomyositis or Polymyositis in southern Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Khadija","family":"Sellami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madiha","family":"Mseddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mouna","family":"Snoussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hela","family":"Gharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faten","family":"Frikha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rayda Ben","family":"Salah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moez","family":"Jallouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Marzouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abderrahmen","family":"Masmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zouhir","family":"Bahloul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamida","family":"Turki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax , Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_001_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ab1Aa","unstructured":"1. 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Dermatomyositis Presenting As A Paraneoplastic Syndrome With Resolution Of Symptoms Following Surgical Management Of Underlying Breast Malignancy. J Surg Case Rep. 2015 Jul 7; 2015(7). Pii: Rjv075.10.1093\/jscr\/rjv075","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjv075"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_019_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac19Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Stockton D, Doherty Vr, Brewster Dh. Risk Of Cancer In Patients With Dermatomyositis Or Polymyositis, And Follow-Up Implication: A Scottish Population-Based Cohort Study. Br J Cancer 2001; 85:41-5.10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1699","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1699"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_020_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac20Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Callen P. When And How Should The Patient With Dermatomyositis Or Amyopathic Dermatomyositis Be Assessed For Possible Cancer? Arch Dermatol 2002; 138:969-71.10.1001\/archderm.138.7.969","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.7.969"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_021_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac21Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Madan V, Chinoy H, Griffiths Ce, Cooper Rg. Defining Cancer Risk In Dermatomyositis. Part Ii. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009; 34:561-5.10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03227.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03227.x"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_022_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Bielsa I. Nuevos Autoanticuerpos En La Dermatomiositis. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2009; 100:182-9.10.1016\/S0001-7310(09)70533-2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-7310(09)70533-2"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_023_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac23Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Yang H, Peng Q, Yin L, Li S, Shi J, Zhang Y, Et Al. 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Lamquami S, Errarhay S, Mamouni N, Bouchikhi C, Banani A. Dermatomyositis Revealing Breast Cancer: Report Of A Case. Pan Afr Med J. 2015 Jun 5; 21:89.10.11604\/pamj.2015.21.89.6971459499026491532","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2015.21.89.6971"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_036_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac36Aa","unstructured":"36. Gkegkes Id, Minis Ee, Iavazzo C. Dermatomyositis And Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Ir J Med Sci. 2017 Nov 22.10.1007\/s11845-017-1716-729168152"},{"key":"2026042914145586165_j_rjim-2018-0015_ref_037_w2aab3b7b1b1b6b1ab1ac37Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37. Requena C1, Alfaro A2, Traves V Et Al. Paraneoplastic Dermatomyositis: A Study Of 12 Cases. 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