{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:34:09Z","timestamp":1790922849484,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.2478\/v10001-009-0028-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]],"date-time":"2009-10-09T21:04:56Z","timestamp":1255122296000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Bhopal Gas Tragedy: review of clinical and experimental findings after 25 years"],"prefix":"10.13075","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Pradyumna","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravindra","family":"Samarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelam","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subodh","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smita","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kewal","family":"Maudar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5258","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450210081037","article-title":"Bhopal tragedy's health effects. A review of methyl isocyanate toxicity","volume":"264","author":"P Mehta","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"Indian Council of Medical Research. <i>Report on Health Effects of the Toxic Gas Leak from the Methyl Isocyanate Plant in Bhopal.<\/i> Bhopal; 2004."},{"key":"3","first-page":"905","article-title":"The Bhopal Gas Tragedy: An environmental disaster","volume":"86","author":"S Sriramachari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2005.06.007","article-title":"Bhopal gas tragedy: Scientific challenges and lessons for future","volume":"18","author":"S Sriramachari","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Loss Prev Proc Ind"},{"key":"5","author":"I Eckerman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chemical Industry and Public Health. Bhopal as example"},{"key":"6","author":"I Eckerman","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Bhopal Saga. Causes and consequences of the world's largest industrial disaster"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1126\/science.306.5702.1670","article-title":"Revisiting the Bhopal tragedy","volume":"306","author":"C Crabb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Bhopal gas tragedy and its effects on process safety","author":"J Gupta","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2005.06.001"},{"key":"9","first-page":"185","article-title":"Medical Survey of methyl isocyanate gas affected population of Bhopal. Part II. Pulmonary effects in Bhopal victims as seen 15 weeks after MIC exposure","volume":"32","author":"S Naik","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"10","first-page":"175","article-title":"Medical survey of methyl isocyanate gas affected population of Bhopal. Part I. General medical observations 15 weeks following exposure","volume":"32","author":"S Naik","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110487","article-title":"Personal exposure and long-term health effects in survivors of the Union Carbide disaster at Bhopal","volume":"110","author":"V Dhara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"12","first-page":"5","article-title":"Long term morbidity in survivors of the 1984 Bhopal gas leak","volume":"9","author":"S Acquilla","year":"1996","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.877253","article-title":"Toxicity of inhaled methyl isocyanate in F344\/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. I. Acute exposure and recovery studies","volume":"72","author":"J Bucher","year":"1987","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"14","first-page":"28","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome in women exposed to toxic gas at Bhopal","volume":"92","author":"N Bhandari","year":"1990","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"15","first-page":"20","article-title":"Sequential respiratory changes in those exposed to the gas leak at Bhopal","volume":"86","author":"S Kamat","year":"1987","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9297241","article-title":"Sequential respiratory, psychologic, and immunologic studies in relation to methyl isocyanate exposure over two years with model development","volume":"97","author":"S Kamat","year":"1992","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"17","first-page":"407","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage study in victims of toxic gas leak at Bhopal","volume":"90","author":"V Vijayan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09101977","article-title":"Relationship between lung inflammation, changes in lung function and severity of exposure in victims of the Bhopal gas tragedy","volume":"9","author":"V Vijayan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Resp J"},{"key":"19","first-page":"358","author":"W Parkes","year":"1982","journal-title":"Occlusive Lung Disorders"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7077.338","article-title":"Respiratory morbidity 10 years after the Union Carbide gas leak at Bhopal: a cross sectional survey. The International Medical Commission on Bhopal","volume":"314","author":"P Cullinan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brit Med J"},{"key":"21","first-page":"195","article-title":"A survey of Bhopal children affected by methyl isocyanate gas","volume":"4","author":"S Irani","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"22","first-page":"469","article-title":"Exposure and response to methyl isocyanate: results of a community based survey in Bhopal","volume":"45","author":"N Andersson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"23","first-page":"199","article-title":"Ophthal survey of Bhopal victims 104 days after the tragedy","volume":"4","author":"Q Maskari","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"24","unstructured":"Indian Council of Medical Research. Annual Report, Bhopal Gas Disaster Research Centre. Bhopal: India; 1991."},{"key":"25","first-page":"45","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity in patients attending clinics in gas affected areas in Bhopal","volume":"86","author":"B Sethi","year":"1987","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"26","first-page":"149","article-title":"Effect of exposure to toxic gas on the population of Bhopal. Part I. Epidemiological, clinical, radiological and behavioral studies","volume":"26","author":"B Gupta","year":"1988","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"27","first-page":"381","article-title":"A study of cognitive functions in methylisocyanate victims one year after Bhopal accident","volume":"18","author":"U Misra","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurotox"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17722-8","article-title":"Bhopal: 20 years on","volume":"365","author":"D Sharma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"29","first-page":"203","article-title":"Gynecological and obstetrical survey of Bhopal women following exposure to methyl isocyanate","volume":"32","author":"N Shilotri","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.14.1856","article-title":"Methylisocyanate exposure and growth patterns of adolescents in Bhopal","volume":"290","author":"N Ranjan","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"31","first-page":"63","article-title":"Immunological, mutagenic and genotoxic investigations in gas exposed population of Bhopal","volume":"86","author":"M Deo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"32","first-page":"591","article-title":"The antibody response to methyl isocyanate: experimental and clinical findings","volume":"23","author":"M Karol","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bull Eur De Physiopath Resp"},{"key":"33","first-page":"173","article-title":"Effect of exposure to toxic gas on the population of Bhopal. Part IV. Immunological and chromosomal studies","volume":"26","author":"A Saxena","year":"1988","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"34","first-page":"341","article-title":"Immune status in individuals exposed in-utero to methyl isocyanate during the Bhopal gas tragedy, a study after two decades","author":"P Mishra","year":"2007"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2008.041517","article-title":"In-utero exposure to methyl isocyanate in the Bhopal gas disaster: evidence of persisting hyper-activation of immune system two decades later","volume":"66","author":"P Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"36","first-page":"81","article-title":"Cytogenetic effects of methyl isocyanate exposure in Bhopal","volume":"74","author":"H Goswami","year":"1986","journal-title":"Adv Hum Genet"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00208935","article-title":"Search for chromosomal variations among gas-exposed persons in Bhopal","volume":"84","author":"H Goswami","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008930220304","article-title":"Cancer patterns of lung, oropharynx and oral cavity cancer in relation to gas exposure at Bhopal","volume":"10","author":"R Dikshit","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"39","first-page":"923","article-title":"The Bhopal gas tragedy: Evidence for cyanide poisoning not convincing","volume":"89","author":"T Gassert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.2002.8.4.371","article-title":"What ails the Bhopal disaster investigations (and is there a cure)","volume":"8","author":"V Dhara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00316202","article-title":"Ultrastructural changes in the respiratory tract of rats following methyl isocyanate inhalation","volume":"59","author":"D Dinsdale","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"42","first-page":"231","article-title":"Acute histopathological changes induced by methyl isocyanate in lungs, liver, kidneys & spleen of rats","volume":"99","author":"K Jeevaratnam","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719301200309","article-title":"Modulation of biochemical and cytological profile of bronchoalveolar lavage constituents in rats following split-dose multiple inhalation exposure to methyl isocyanate","volume":"12","author":"G Gupta","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"44","first-page":"504","article-title":"Inhalation toxicity of methyl isocyanate: assessment of germ cell mutagenicity and reproductive effects in rats","volume":"30","author":"D Agarwal","year":"1992","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1993.1007","article-title":"Autoradiographic analyses of guinea pig airway tissues following inhalation exposure to 14C-labeled methyl isocyanate","volume":"20","author":"A Kennedy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fundam Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8772149","article-title":"Methyl isocyanate: reproductive and developmental toxicology studies in Swiss mice","volume":"72","author":"B Schwetz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1080\/15287398709531018","article-title":"Reproductive toxicity of methyl isocyanate in mice","volume":"21","author":"D Varma","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20469","article-title":"Analysis of cellular response to isocyanate using N-succinimidyl N-methylcarbamate exposure in cultured mammalian cells","volume":"50","author":"P Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2009.03.008","article-title":"Induction of genomic instability in cultured human colon epithelial cells following exposure to isocyanates","volume":"33","author":"P Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760903037699","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress elicits chromosomal instability after exposure to isocyanates in human kidney epithelial cells","volume":"43","author":"P Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.20260","article-title":"Isocyanates induces DNA damage, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in cultured human lymphocytes","volume":"22","author":"P Mishra","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biochem Mol Toxicol"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-009-9127-9","article-title":"Regulation of isocyanate-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in cultured human neutrophils: Isocyanate-induced neutrophils apoptosis","author":"P Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Biol Toxicol"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.4238\/vol8-1gmr544","article-title":"Inflammatory response to isocyanates and onset of genomic instability in cultured human lung fibroblasts","volume":"8","author":"P Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.imp.lodz.pl\/upload\/oficyna\/artykuly\/pdf\/full\/03_2009_Mishra.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T09:12:44Z","timestamp":1578042764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.imp.lodz.pl\/home_en\/publishing_office\/journals_\/_ijomeh\/&articleId=21698&l=EN"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/v10001-009-0028-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1896-494X","1232-1087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1896-494X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1232-1087","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]}}}