{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:17:12Z","timestamp":1760660232887,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"University of Porto","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UPjeng"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Steel fibres significantly enhance the mechanical performance of 3D-printed concrete, with studies reporting compressive strengths up to 111 MPa, an increase of 17to29% over non-reinforced mixes and flexural strength improvements of up to 282%. Optimal fibre alignment, typically within 0\u00b0 to 40\u00b0 of the printing direction, further boosts load-bearing capacity and contributes to post-fire ductility. Glass fibres and synthetic reinforcements (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene) also yield notable flexural gains, such as peak loads of 7.56 kN at 1.0% glass content, while enhancing inter-layer bonding. Integration methods, including fibre dispersion and textile layering, support sustainability by reducing material use (up to 80%), construction waste (by 30 to 60%), and CO emissions through optimised mix designs and lower cement content. These findings confirm that fibre type and orientation critically influence both structural performance and the environmental sustainability of 3D-printed concrete across the building life cycle<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.24840\/2183-6493_011-002_003270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T10:22:29Z","timestamp":1760610149000},"page":"120-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strength, structure, and sustainability in 3D-PrintedConcrete using different types of fibre reinforcements"],"prefix":"10.24840","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6393-7564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renny","family":"Varghese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5911-9423","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Barbara Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6371-0179","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Lino Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"10468","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"container-title":["U.Porto Journal of Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journalengineering.fe.up.pt\/index.php\/upjeng\/article\/download\/2183-6493_011-002_003270\/984","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journalengineering.fe.up.pt\/index.php\/upjeng\/article\/download\/2183-6493_011-002_003270\/984","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T10:22:30Z","timestamp":1760610150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journalengineering.fe.up.pt\/index.php\/upjeng\/article\/view\/2183-6493_011-002_003270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24840\/2183-6493_011-002_003270","relation":{},"ISSN":["2183-6493"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2183-6493","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]}}}