{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T08:47:41Z","timestamp":1788425261926,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PRM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.2490\/prm.20240015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T22:12:25Z","timestamp":1713910345000},"page":"n\/a","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evidence and Recommendations for Acute Stroke Rehabilitation from the Japan Stroke Society: Abridged Secondary Publication of the Japanese-language Version"],"prefix":"10.2490","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wataru","family":"Kakuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Oki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Koyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nishinomiya Kyoritsu Neurosurgical Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Hayase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Iguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Omori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Narita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichiro","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Center, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Itabashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Center, Division of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masachika","family":"Niimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Ashiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumihiro","family":"Tajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chuzan Hospital, Okinawa City, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuniaki","family":"Ogasawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1338","reference":[{"key":"1","unstructured":"1. Japan Stroke Society Rehabilitation Project Team for Equalizing and Standardizing Acute Stroke Rehabilitation: Evidence and recommendations for acute stroke rehabilitation from the Japan Stroke Society [in Japanese]. Jpn J Stroke 2024;46:47\u201386."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"2. Olavarr\u00eda VV, Arima H, Anderson CS, Brunser AM, Mu\u00f1oz-Venturelli P, Heritier S, Lavados PM: Head position and cerebral blood flow velocity in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cerebrovasc Dis 2014;37:401\u2013408. PMID:24993471, DOI:10.1159\/000362533","DOI":"10.1159\/000362533"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"3. Olavarr\u00eda VV, Lavados PM, Mu\u00f1oz-Venturelli P, Gonz\u00e1lez F, Gaete J, Martins S, Arima H, Anderson CS, Brunser AM: Flat-head positioning increases cerebral blood flow in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke. A cluster randomized phase IIb trial. Int J Stroke 2018;13:600\u2013611. PMID:28581366, DOI:10.1177\/1747493017711943","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017711943"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"4. Anderson CS, Olavarr\u00eda VV: Head positioning in acute stroke: down but not out. Stroke 2019;50:224\u2013228. PMID:30580740, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.020087","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.020087"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"5.Carvalho LB, Kramer S, Borschmann K, Chambers B, Thijs V, Bernhardt J: Cerebral haemodynamics with head position changes post-ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020;40:271678X20922457. PMID:32404023, DOI:10.1177\/0271678X20922457","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20922457"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"6. Anderson CS, Arima H, Lavados P, Billot L, Hackett ML, Olavarr\u00eda VV, Mu\u00f1oz Venturelli P, Brunser A, Peng B, Cui L, Song L, Rogers K, Middleton S, Lim JY, Forshaw D, Lightbody CE, Woodward M, Pontes-Neto O, De Silva HA, Lin RT, Lee TH, Pandian JD, Mead GE, Robinson T, Watkins C, HeadPoST Investigators and Coordinators: Cluster-randomized, crossover trial of head positioning in acute stroke. N Engl J Med 2017;376:2437\u20132447. PMID:28636854, DOI:10.1056\/NEJMoa1615715","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1615715"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"7. Alexandrov AW, Tsivgoulis G, Hill MD, Liebeskind DS, Schellinger P, Ovbiagele B, Arthur AS, Caso V, Nogueira RG, Hemphill JC, III, Grotta JC, Hacke W, Alexandrov AV: HeadPoST: rightly positioned, or flat out wrong? Neurology 2018;90:885\u2013889. PMID:29643083, DOI:10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005481","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005481"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"8. Brunser AM, Ouyang M, Arima H, Lavados PM, Robinson T, Mu\u00f1oz-Venturelli P, Olavarr\u00eda VV, Billot L, Hackett ML, Song L, Middleton S, Pontes-Neto O, Lee TH, Watkins C, Anderson CS: No benefit of flat head positioning in early moderate\u2013severe acute ischaemic stroke: a HeadPoST study subgroup analysis. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2020;5:406\u2013409. PMID:32591406, DOI:10.1136\/svn-2020-000387","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2020-000387"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"9. Gauthier A, G\u00e9rardin P, Renou P, Sagnier S, Debruxelles S, Poli M, Rouanet F, Olindo S, Sibon I: Trendelenburg positioning in large vessel ischaemic stroke: a pre-post observational study using propensity score matching. Cerebrovasc Dis 2018;46:24\u201332. PMID:30056454, DOI:10.1159\/000490423","DOI":"10.1159\/000490423"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"10. Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, Adeoye OM, Bambakidis NC, Becker K, Biller J, Brown M, Demaerschalk BM, Hoh B, Jauch EC, Kidwell CS, Leslie-Mazwi TM, Ovbiagele B, Scott PA, Sheth KN, Southerland AM, Summers DV, Tirschwell DL: Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019 update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2019;50:e344\u2013e418. PMID:31662037, DOI:10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211"},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11. National Guideline Centre (UK): Evidence review for head positioning: stroke and transient ischaemic attack in over 16s: diagnosis and initial management. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2019. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK577868\/"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Oki K, Nakajima M, Koyama T, Oyama N, Koga M, Hayase M, Ohta T, Omori T, Matsumoto K, Iguchi Y, Fujimoto S, Kakuda W, Ogasawara K, Project Team for the Equalization and Standardization in Acute Stroke Rehabilitation: Timing of initiation of acute stroke rehabilitation and management corresponding to complications at primary stroke centers in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey. Cerebrovasc Dis 2024;53:125. PMID:37399792","DOI":"10.1159\/000530873"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"13. Rahayu UB, Wibowo S, Setyopranoto I: The effectiveness of early mobilization time on balance and functional ability after ischemic stroke. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019;7:1088\u20131092. PMID:31049086, DOI:10.3889\/oamjms.2019.269","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.269"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"14. Wu WX, Zhou CY, Wang ZW, Chen GQ, Chen XL, Jin HM, He D: Effect of early and intensive rehabilitation after ischemic stroke on functional recovery of the lower limbs: a pilot, randomized trial. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020;29:104649. PMID:32115341, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104649"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"15. Tyson SF, Nightingale P. The effects of position on oxygen saturation in acute stroke: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil 2004;18:863\u2013871. , PMID:15609841, DOI:10.1191\/0269215504cr840oa","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215504cr840oa"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"16. Bernhardt J, Indredavik B, Dewey H, Langhorne P, Lindley R, Donnan G, Thrift A, Collier J: Mobilisation \u2018in bed\u2019 is not mobilisation. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;24:157\u2013158, author reply 159. PMID:17565211, DOI:10.1159\/000103626","DOI":"10.1159\/000103626"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"17. Diserens K, Michel P, Bogousslavsky J: Early mobilisation after stroke: review of the literature. Cerebrovasc Dis 2006;22:183\u2013190. PMID:16710085, DOI:10.1159\/000093453","DOI":"10.1159\/000093453"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Bernhardt J, Dewey H, Thrift A, Collier J, Donnan G: A very early rehabilitation trial for stroke (AVERT): phase II safety and feasibility. Stroke 2008;39:390\u2013396. PMID:18174489, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.492363","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.492363"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"19. AVERT Trial Collaboration Group: Efficacy and safety of very early mobilisation within 24 h of stroke onset (AVERT): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015;386:46\u201355. PMID:25892679, DOI:10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60690-0","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60690-0"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"20. Bernhardt J, Borschmann K, Collier JM, Thrift AG, Langhorne P, Middleton S, Lindley RI, Dewey HM, Bath P, Said CM, Churilov L, Ellery F, Bladin C, Reid CM, Frayne JH, Srikanth V, Read SJ, Donnan GA, AVERT Trialists Collaboration Group: Fatal and nonfatal events within 14 days after early, intensive mobilization poststroke. Neurology 2021;96:e1156\u2013e1166. PMID:33144512, DOI:10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011106","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011106"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"21. Herisson F, Godard S, Volteau C, Le Blanc E, Guillon B, Gaudron M, SEVEL Study Group: Early sitting in ischemic stroke patients (SEVEL): a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2016;11:e0149466. PMID:27023901, DOI:10.1371\/journal.pone.0149466","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149466"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"22. Morreale M, Marchione P, Pili A, Lauta A, Castiglia SF, Spallone A, Pierelli F, Giacomini P: Early versus delayed rehabilitation treatment in hemiplegic patients with ischemic stroke: proprioceptive or cognitive approach? Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2016;52:81\u201389. PMID:26220327"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"23. Bernhardt J, Churilov L, Ellery F, Collier J, Chamberlain J, Langhorne P, Lindley RI, Moodie M, Dewey H, Thrift AG, Donnan G, AVERT Collaboration Group: Prespecified dose-response analysis for A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial (AVERT). Neurology 2016;86:2138\u20132145. PMID:26888985, DOI:10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002459","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002459"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"24. Tong Y, Cheng Z, Rajah GB, Duan H, Cai L, Zhang N, Du H, Geng X, Ding Y: High intensity physical rehabilitation later than 24 h post stroke is beneficial in patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) study in mild to moderate ischemic stroke. Front Neurol 2019;10:113. PMID:30837938, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2019.00113","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00113"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"25. Langhorne P, Collier JM, Bate PJ, Thuy MN, Bernhardt J: Very early versus delayed mobilization after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018;10:CD006187. PMID:30321906, DOI:10.1002\/14651858.CD006187.pub3","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006187.pub3"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"26. Rethnam V, Langhorne P, Churilov L, Hayward KS, Herisson F, Poletto SR, Tong Y, Bernhardt J: Early mobilisation post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. Disabil Rehabil 2022;44:1156\u20131163. PMID:32673130, DOI:10.1080\/09638288.2020.1789229","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1789229"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"27. Zhang M, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shi H, Peng T, Wang M: Optimization of early mobilization program for patients with acute ischemic stroke: an orthogonal design. Front Neurol 2021;12:645811. PMID:33912126, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2021.645811","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.645811"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"28. Wang F, Zhang S, Zhou F, Zhao M, Zhao H: Early physical rehabilitation therapy between 24 and 48 h following acute ischemic stroke onset: a randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil 2022;44:3967\u20133972. PMID:33736542, DOI:10.1080\/09638288.2021.1897168","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1897168"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"29. Wang W, Wei M, Cheng Y, Zhao H, Du H, Hou W, Yu Y, Zhu Z, Qiu L, Zhang T, Wu J: Safety and efficacy of early rehabilitation after stroke using mechanical thrombectomy: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Front Neurol 2022;13:698439. PMID:35463135, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2022.698439","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.698439"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"30. Liu N, Cadilhac DA, Andrew NE, Zeng L, Li Z, Li J, Li Y, Yu X, Mi B, Li Z, Xu H, Chen Y, Wang J, Yao W, Li K, Yan F, Wang J: Randomized controlled trial of early rehabilitation after intracerebral hemorrhage stroke: difference in outcomes within 6 months of stroke. Stroke 2014;45:3502\u20133507. PMID:25336514, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.005661","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.005661"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Yen HC, Jeng JS, Chen WS, Pan GS, Chuang WY, Lee YY, Teng T: Early mobilization of mild-moderate intracerebral hemorrhage patients in a stroke center: a randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020;34:72\u201381. PMID:31858865, DOI:10.1177\/1545968319893294","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968319893294"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"32. Ma Z, Wang Q, Liu M: Early versus delayed mobilisation for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cochrane Libr 2013;CD008346. PMID:23728673, DOI:10.1002\/14651858.CD008346.pub2","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008346.pub2"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"33. Karic T, R\u00f8e C, Nordenmark TH, Becker F, Sorteberg W, Sorteberg A: Effect of early mobilization and rehabilitation on complications in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2017;126:518\u2013526. PMID:27058204, DOI:10.3171\/2015.12.JNS151744","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.12.JNS151744"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"34. Young B, Moyer M, Pino W, Kung D, Zager E, Kumar MA: Safety and feasibility of early mobilization in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and external ventricular drain. Neurocrit Care 2019;31:88\u201396. PMID:30659467, DOI:10.1007\/s12028-019-00670-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-019-00670-2"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"35. Okamura M, Konishi M, Sagara A, Shimizu Y, Nakamura T: Impact of early mobilization on discharge disposition and functional status in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021;100:e28171. PMID:34941070, DOI:10.1097\/MD.0000000000028171","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028171"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"36. Yang X, Cao L, Zhang T, Qu X, Chen W, Cheng W, Qi M, Wang N, Song W, Wang N: More is less: effect of ICF-based early progressive mobilization on severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the NICU. Front Neurol 2022;13:951071. PMID:36588882, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2022.951071","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.951071"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"37. Arnold SM, Dinkins M, Mooney LH, Freeman WD, Rawal B, Heckman MG, Davis OA: Very early mobilization in stroke patients treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;24:1168\u20131173. PMID:25869770, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.01.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.01.007"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"38. Momosaki R, Yasunaga H, Kakuda W, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Abo M: Very early versus delayed rehabilitation for acute ischemic stroke patients with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;42:41\u201348. PMID:26986718, DOI:10.1159\/000444720","DOI":"10.1159\/000444720"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"39. He Y, Nie X, He T, Qi X, Chen Z, Duan W, Wei Y, Liu X, Liu Y: Impact of early rehabilitation on outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke after endovascular treatment. Front Neurol 2022;13:877773. PMID:35677333, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2022.877773","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.877773"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"40. Maeshima S, Okamoto S, Okazaki H, Mizuno S, Asano N, Tsunoda T, Maeda H, Masaki M, Sonoda S: Hemorrhagic transformation in patients with cerebral infarction referred to a rehabilitation hospital. Intervent Neurol 2015;4:69\u201374. PMID:27051401, DOI:10.1159\/000439548","DOI":"10.1159\/000439548"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"41. England TJ, Bath PM, Sare GM, Geeganage C, Moulin T, O\u2019Neill D, Woimant F, Christensen H, De Deyn P, Leys D, Ringelstein EB, TAIST Investigators: Asymptomatic hemorrhagic transformation of infarction and its relationship with functional outcome and stroke subtype: assessment from the Tinzaparin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Trial. Stroke 2010;41:2834\u20132839. PMID:21030711, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.573063","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.573063"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"42. Libman R, Kwiakowski T, Lyden P, Grotta JC, Tilley BC, Fagen SC, Levine SR, Broderick JP, Lin Y, Lewandowski C, Frankel MR, NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study Group: Asymptomatic hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarction does not worsen long-term outcome. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2005;14:50\u201354. PMID:17904000, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2004.11.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2004.11.002"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"43. Dzialowski I, Pexman JH, Barber PA, Demchuk AM, Buchan AM, Hill MD, CASES Investigators: Asymptomatic hemorrhage after thrombolysis may not be benign: prognosis by hemorrhage type in the Canadian alteplase for stroke effectiveness study registry. Stroke 2007;38:75\u201379. PMID:17122437, DOI:10.1161\/01.STR.0000251644.76546.62","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000251644.76546.62"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"44. Kakuda W, Oki K, Nakajima M, Koyama T, Oyama N, Koga M, Hayase M, Ohta T, Omori T, Matsumoto K, Iguchi Y, Fujimoto S, Ogasawara K: Current status of acute stroke rehabilitation at primary stroke centers in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey [in Japanese]. Jpn J Stroke 2023;45:111\u2013119. DOI:10.3995\/jstroke.11058","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.11058"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"45. Yokobatake K, Ohta T, Kitaoka H, Nishimura S, Kashima K, Yasuoka M, Nishi K, Shigeshima K: Safety of early rehabilitation in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022;31:106751. PMID:36162375, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106751"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46. Kung DK, Chalouhi N, Jabbour PM, Starke RM, Dumont AS, Winn HR, Howard MA, 3rd, Hasan DM: Cerebral blood flow dynamics and head-of-bed changes in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage. BioMed Res Int 2013;2013:1\u20134. PMID:24371827, DOI:10.1155\/2013\/640638","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/640638"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"47. Moriya M: Changes in prefrontal cortical oxygenation during tilt table orthostatic hypotension in subarachnoid haemorrhage patients. Adv Exp Med Biol 2022;1395:35\u201338. PMID:36527610, DOI:10.1007\/978-3-031-14190-4_6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-14190-4_6"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"48. Ledwith MB, Bloom S, Maloney-Wilensky E, Coyle B, Polomano RC, Le Roux PD: Effect of body position on cerebral oxygenation and physiologic parameters in patients with acute neurological conditions. J Neurosci Nurs 2010;42:280\u2013287. PMID:20968224, DOI:10.1097\/JNN.0b013e3181ecafd4","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0b013e3181ecafd4"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"49. Westendorp WF, Nederkoorn PJ, Vermeij JD, Dijkgraaf MG, de Beek D: Post-stroke infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2011;11:110. PMID:21933425, DOI:10.1186\/1471-2377-11-110","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-110"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"50. Kulnik ST, Birring SS, Moxham J, Rafferty GF, Kalra L: Does respiratory muscle training improve cough flow in acute stroke? Pilot randomized controlled trial. Stroke 2015;46:447\u2013453. PMID:25503549, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007110","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007110"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"51. Wells PS, Owen C, Doucette S, Fergusson D, Tran H: Does this patient have deep vein thrombosis? JAMA 2006;295:199\u2013207. PMID:16403932, DOI:10.1001\/jama.295.2.199","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.2.199"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"52.Liu Z, Tao X, Chen Y, Fan Z, Li Y: Bed rest versus early ambulation with standard anticoagulation in the management of deep vein thrombosis: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2015;10:e0121388. PMID:25860350","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0121388"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"53. Fisher RS, Acevedo C, Arzimanoglou A, Bogacz A, Cross JH, Elger CE, Engel J, Jr, Forsgren L, French JA, Glynn M, Hesdorffer DC, Lee BI, Mathern GW, Mosh\u00e9 SL, Perucca E, Scheffer IE, Tomson T, Watanabe M, Wiebe S: ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2014;55:475\u2013482. PMID:24730690, DOI:10.1111\/epi.12550","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12550"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"54. Yagi M, Yasunaga H, Matsui H, Morita K, Fushimi K, Fujimoto M, Koyama T, Fujitani J: Impact of rehabilitation on outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Japan. Stroke 2017;48:740\u2013746. PMID:28108619, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015147","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015147"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"55. Okuda Y, Nakata T: Effect of intensive rehabilitation on improvement of activity of daily living after intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective observational study. Int J Rehabil Res 2020;43:37\u201340. PMID:31688239, DOI:10.1097\/MRR.0000000000000381","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0000000000000381"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"56. Logan A, Freeman J, Kent B, Pooler J, Creanor S, Enki D, Vickery J, Barton A, Marsden J: Functional standing frame programme early after severe sub-acute stroke (SPIRES): a randomised controlled feasibility trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022;8:50. PMID:35241176, DOI:10.1186\/s40814-022-01012-4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-022-01012-4"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"57. Kinoshita S, Momosaki R, Kakuda W, Okamoto T, Abo M: Association between 7 days per week rehabilitation and functional recovery of patients with acute stroke: a retrospective cohort study based on the Japan rehabilitation database. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017;98:701\u2013706. PMID:27965008, DOI:10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.11.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.11.004"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"58. Nakazora T, Iwamoto K, Kiyozuka T, Arimoto H, Shirotani T, Domen K: Effectiveness of 7-day versus weekday-only rehabilitation for stroke patients in an acute-care hospital: a retrospective cohort study. Disabil Rehabil 2018;40:3050\u20133053. PMID:28826268, DOI:10.1080\/09638288.2017.1367964","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2017.1367964"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"59. Bray BD, Cloud GC, James MA, Hemingway H, Paley L, Stewart K, Tyrrell PJ, Wolfe CD, Rudd AG, SSNAP collaboration: Weekly variation in health-care quality by day and time of admission: a nationwide, registry-based, prospective cohort study of acute stroke care. Lancet 2016;388:170\u2013177. PMID:27178477, DOI:10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30443-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30443-3"},{"key":"60","unstructured":"60.Matsumoto D, Kondo K, Shiraishi N, Sugiyama T, Jeong S: Association between very early initiation of rehabilitation and rehabilitation provision system for stroke patients: analysis according to day of admission [in Japanese]. Rigaku ryohogaku 2014;41:21\u201327."},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"61. Hasegawa Y, Yoneda Y, Okuda S, Hamada R, Toyota A, Gotoh J, Watanabe M, Okada Y, Ikeda K, Ibayashi S, Acute Stroke Rehabilitation Study Group: The effect of weekends and holidays on stroke outcome in acute stroke units. Cerebrovasc Dis 2005;20:325\u2013331. PMID:16131801, DOI:10.1159\/000087932","DOI":"10.1159\/000087932"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"62. Hines S, Kynoch K, Munday J: Nursing interventions for identifying and managing acute dysphagia are effective for improving patient outcomes: a systematic review update. J Neurosci Nurs 2016;48:215\u2013223. PMID:27224683, DOI:10.1097\/JNN.0000000000000200","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0000000000000200"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"63. Niimi M, Hashimoto G, Hara T, Yamada N, Fujigasaki H, Ide T, Abo M: The 2-minute spontaneous swallowing screening predicts independence on enteral feeding in patients with acute stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020;29:104508. PMID:31759914, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104508"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"64. Palli C, Fandler S, Doppelhofer K, Niederkorn K, Enzinger C, Vetta C, Trampusch E, Schmidt R, Fazekas F, Gattringer T: Early dysphagia screening by trained nurses reduces pneumonia rate in stroke patients: a clinical intervention study. Stroke 2017;48:2583\u20132585. PMID:28716980, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018157","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018157"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"65. Martino R, Silver F, Teasell R, Bayley M, Nicholson G, Streiner DL, Diamant NE: The Toronto Bedside Swallowing Screening Test (TOR-BSST): development and validation of a dysphagia screening tool for patients with stroke. Stroke 2009;40:555\u2013561. PMID:19074483, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.510370","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.510370"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"66. Al-Khaled M, Matthis C, Binder A, Mudter J, Schattschneider J, Pulkowski U, Strohmaier T, Niehoff T, Zybur R, Eggers J, Valdueza JM, Royl G, for QugSS II Group: Dysphagia in patients with acute ischemic stroke: early dysphagia screening may reduce stroke-related pneumonia and improve stroke outcomes. Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;42:81\u201389. PMID:27074007, DOI:10.1159\/000445299","DOI":"10.1159\/000445299"},{"key":"67","unstructured":"67. Cummings J, Soomans D, O\u2019Laughlin J, Snapp V, Jodoin A, Proco H, Archer M, Rood D: Sensitivity and specificity of a nurse dysphagia screen in stroke patients. Medsurg Nurs 2015;24:219\u2013222, 263. PMID:26434033"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"68. Rofes L, Muriana D, Palomeras E, Vilardell N, Palomera E, Alvarez-Berdugo D, Casado V, Clav\u00e9 P: Prevalence, risk factors and complications of oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke patients: a cohort study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;30:e13338. PMID:29573064, DOI:10.1111\/nmo.13338","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13338"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"69. Niina Y, Yamada S, Okazaki M, Matsumoto Y, Saito Y, Nishiyama K, Kurita H, Imafuku K, Okajima Y, Yamaguchi Y: A nurse-led dysphagia rehabilitation program in the acute stroke unit [in Japanese]. Nosotchu 2009;31:23\u201328. DOI:10.3995\/jstroke.31.23","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.31.23"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"70. Park KD, Kim TH, Lee SH: The Gugging Swallowing Screen in dysphagia screening for patients with stroke: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud 2020;107:103588. PMID:32408200, DOI:10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103588"},{"key":"71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"71. Boaden E, Burnell J, Hives L, Dey P, Clegg A, Lyons MW, Lightbody CE, Hurley MA, Roddam H, McInnes E, Alexandrov A, Watkins CL: Screening for aspiration risk associated with dysphagia in acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021;10:CD012679. PMID:34661279","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012679.pub2"},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"72. Reilly S, Carr L: Foreign body ingestion in children with severe developmental disabilities: a case study. Dysphagia 2001;16:68\u201373. PMID:11213248, DOI:10.1007\/s004550000047","DOI":"10.1007\/s004550000047"},{"key":"73","unstructured":"73. Ogawa Y, Inagawa M, Kimura M, Iida T, Hirai A, Yoshida T, Ito N, Kawahara Y, Ueda R, Morohoshi A, Sekine S, Shiozawa Y, Koyama Y, Funakoshi H, Sakamoto K, Kanai M, Tanaka T, Ogawa T, Kakizaki S, Naganuma A: Nutritional intervention after an early assessment by a flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing is associated with a shorter hospital stay for patients with acute cerebral infarction: a retrospective study. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2021;30:199\u2013205. PMID:34191421, DOI:10.6133\/apjcn.202106_30(2).0003"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"74. Joundi RA, Martino R, Saposnik G, Giannakeas V, Fang J, Kapral MK: Predictors and outcomes of dysphagia screening after acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2017;48:900\u2013906. PMID:28275200, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015332","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015332"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"75. Doggett DL, Tappe KA, Mitchell MD, Chapell R, Coates V, Turkelson CM: Prevention of pneumonia in elderly stroke patients by systematic diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia: an evidence-based comprehensive analysis of the literature. Dysphagia 2001;16:279\u2013295. PMID:11720404, DOI:10.1007\/s00455-001-0087-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-001-0087-3"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"76. Dziewas R, Warnecke T, \u00d6lenberg S, Teismann I, Zimmermann J, Kr\u00e4mer C, Ritter M, Ringelstein EB, Sch\u00e4bitz WR: Towards a basic endoscopic assessment of swallowing in acute stroke\u2014development and evaluation of a simple dysphagia score. Cerebrovasc Dis 2008;26:41\u201347. PMID:18511871, DOI:10.1159\/000135652","DOI":"10.1159\/000135652"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"77. Tomii Y, Uehara T, Torii T, Matsuoka H, Toyoda K, Minematsu K: Tongue and oral function test with ultrasonography(TOFU): a dynamic ultrasound imaging system for swallowing studies in stroke patients [in Japanese]. Neurosonology 2010;23:5\u20138. DOI:10.2301\/neurosonology.23.5","DOI":"10.2301\/neurosonology.23.5"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"78. Kamiya Y, Ichikawa H, Kuriki A, Shimizu Y, Saito Y, Kasai H, Suzuki M, Satoh Y, Kawamura M: Evaluation of swallowing in acute ischemic stroke patients using both a simple swallowing provocation test and a water swallowing test [in Japanese]. Nosotchu 2010;32:254\u2013260. DOI:10.3995\/jstroke.32.254","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.32.254"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"79. Hiraoka C, Maeshima S, Osawa A, Kanai N, Sekiguchi E, Tanahashi N: Comparison between bedside clinical assessments of swallowing and videofluoroscopy findings in acute stroke patients [in Japanese]. Nosotchu 2009;31:148\u2013151. DOI:10.3995\/jstroke.31.148","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.31.148"},{"key":"80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"80. Teraoka F, Nishi M, Yoshizawa T, Momose M, Hirashima Y, Ichikawa T: Outcome of dysphagia in stroke patients: predictive factors for the resumption of a regular diet [in Japanese]. Jpn J Rehabil Med 2004;41:421\u2013428. DOI:10.2490\/jjrm1963.41.421","DOI":"10.2490\/jjrm1963.41.421"},{"key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"81. Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, Bates B, Cherney LR, Cramer SC, Deruyter F, Eng JJ, Fisher B, Harvey RL, Lang CE, MacKay-Lyons M, Ottenbacher KJ, Pugh S, Reeves MJ, Richards LG, Stiers W, Zorowitz RD, American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research: Guidelines for adult stroke rehabilitation and recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2016;47:e98\u2013e169. PMID:27145936, DOI:10.1161\/STR.0000000000000098","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000098"},{"key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"82. Crary MA, Mann GD, Groher ME: Initial psychometric assessment of a functional oral intake scale for dysphagia in stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005;86:1516\u20131520. PMID:16084801, DOI:10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.11.049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.11.049"},{"key":"83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"83. Yeh SJ, Huang KY, Wang TG, Chen YC, Chen CH, Tang SC, Tsai LK, Yip PK, Jeng JS: Dysphagia screening decreases pneumonia in acute stroke patients admitted to the stroke intensive care unit. J Neurol Sci 2011;306:38\u201341. PMID:21549394, DOI:10.1016\/j.jns.2011.04.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.04.001"},{"key":"84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"84. Henke C, Foerch C, Lapa S: Early screening parameters for dysphagia in acute ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2017;44:285\u2013290. PMID:28903096, DOI:10.1159\/000480123","DOI":"10.1159\/000480123"},{"key":"85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"85. Jannini TB, Ruggiero M, Vigan\u00f2 A, Comanducci A, Maestrini I, Giuliani G, Vicenzini E, Fattapposta F, Pauri F, Ruoppolo G, Toscano M, Di Piero V: The role of the Sapienza GLObal Bedside Evaluation of Swallowing after Stroke (GLOBE-3S) in the prevention of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Neurol Sci 2022;43:1167\u20131176. PMID:34269936, DOI:10.1007\/s10072-021-05449-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05449-y"},{"key":"86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"86. Ouyang M, Boaden E, Arima H, Lavados PM, Billot L, Hackett ML, Olavarr\u00eda VV, Mu\u00f1oz-Venturelli P, Song L, Rogers K, Middleton S, Pontes-Neto OM, Lee TH, Watkins C, Robinson T, Anderson CS, HeadPoST Investigators: Dysphagia screening and risks of pneumonia and adverse outcomes after acute stroke: an international multicenter study. Int J Stroke 2020;15:206\u2013215. PMID:31226922, DOI:10.1177\/1747493019858778","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019858778"},{"key":"87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"87. Galovic M, Stauber AJ, Leisi N, Krammer W, Brugger F, Vehoff J, Balcerak P, M\u00fcller A, M\u00fcller M, Rosenfeld J, Polymeris A, Thilemann S, De Marchis GM, Niemann T, Leifke M, Lyrer P, Saladin P, Kahles T, Nedeltchev K, Sarikaya H, Jung S, Fischer U, Manno C, Cereda CW, Sander JW, Tettenborn B, Weder BJ, Stoeckli SJ, Arnold M, K\u00e4gi G: Development and validation of a prognostic model of swallowing recovery and enteral tube feeding after ischemic stroke. JAMA Neurol 2019;76:561\u2013570. PMID:30742198, DOI:10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4858","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4858"},{"key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"88. Han TS, Lean ME, Fluck D, Affley B, Gulli G, Patel T, Barrett C, Kakar P, Sharma S, Sharma P: Impact of delay in early swallow screening on pneumonia, length of stay in hospital, disability and mortality in acute stroke patients. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018;72:1548\u20131554. PMID:29588528, DOI:10.1038\/s41430-018-0148-4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-018-0148-4"},{"key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"89. Smith EE, Saver JL, Alexander DN, Furie KL, Hopkins LN, Katzan IL, Mackey JS, Miller EL, Schwamm LH, Williams LS, AHA\/ASA Stroke Performance Oversight Committee: Clinical performance measures for adults hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke: performance measures for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014;45:3472\u20133498. PMID:25256184, DOI:10.1161\/STR.0000000000000045","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000045"},{"key":"90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"90. Dziewas R, Michou E, Trapl-Grundschober M, Lal A, Arsava EM, Bath PM, Clav\u00e9 P, Glahn J, Hamdy S, Pownall S, Schindler A, Walshe M, Wirth R, Wright D, Verin E: European Stroke Organisation and European Society for Swallowing Disorders guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of post-stroke dysphagia. Eur Stroke J 2021;6:89\u2013115. PMID:34746431, DOI:10.1177\/23969873211039721","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873211039721"},{"key":"91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"91. Hebert D, Lindsay MP, McIntyre A, Kirton A, Rumney PG, Bagg S, Bayley M, Dowlatshahi D, Dukelow S, Garnhum M, Glasser E, Halabi ML, Kang E, MacKay-Lyons M, Martino R, Rochette A, Rowe S, Salbach N, Semenko B, Stack B, Swinton L, Weber V, Mayer M, Verrilli S, DeVeber G, Andersen J, Barlow K, Cassidy C, Dilenge ME, Fehlings D, Hung R, Iruthayarajah J, Lenz L, Majnemer A, Purtzki J, Rafay M, Sonnenberg LK, Townley A, Janzen S, Foley N, Teasell R: Canadian stroke best practice recommendations: stroke rehabilitation practice guidelines, update 2015. Int J Stroke 2016;11:459\u2013484. PMID:27079654, DOI:10.1177\/1747493016643553","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016643553"},{"key":"92","unstructured":"92. Maniaci A, Lechien JR, D\u2019amico E, La Mantia I, Cancemi F, Patti F, Faia C, Privitera E, Di Luca M, Iannella G, Magliulo G, Pace A, Di Mauro P, Calvo-Henriquez C, Ferlito S, Motta G, Mannelli G, Zappia M, Vicini C, Cocuzza S: Post-cerebrovascular stroke and early dysphagia assessment: a systematic review. Acta Biomed 2022;93:e2022263. PMID:36043981, DOI:10.23750\/abm.v93i4.12135"},{"key":"93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"93. Morrell K, Hyers M, Stuchiner T, Lucas L, Schwartz K, Mako J, Spinelli KJ, Yanase L: Telehealth stroke dysphagia evaluation is safe and effective. Cerebrovasc Dis 2017;44:225\u2013231. PMID:28848110, DOI:10.1159\/000478107","DOI":"10.1159\/000478107"},{"key":"94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"94. Lakshminarayan K, Tsai AW, Tong X, Vazquez G, Peacock JM, George MG, Luepker RV, Anderson DC: Utility of dysphagia screening results in predicting poststroke pneumonia. Stroke 2010;41:2849\u20132854. PMID:20947835, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.597039","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.597039"},{"key":"95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"95. Choy J, Pourkazemi F, Anderson C, Bogaardt H: Dosages of swallowing exercises in stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023;280:1017\u20131045. PMID:36471047, DOI:10.1007\/s00405-022-07735-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07735-7"},{"key":"96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"96. Smith EE, Kent DM, Bulsara KR, Leung LY, Lichtman JH, Reeves MJ, Towfighi A, Whiteley WN, Zahuranec DB, American Heart Association Stroke Council, American Heart Association Stroke Counsil: Effect of dysphagia screening strategies on clinical outcomes after stroke: a systematic review for the 2018 guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2018;49:e123\u2013e128. PMID:29367332","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000159"},{"key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"97. Schepp SK, Tirschwell DL, Miller RM, Longstreth WT, Jr Swallowing screens after acute stroke: a systematic review. Stroke 2012;43:869\u2013871. PMID:22156697, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.638254","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.638254"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"98. Virvidaki IE, Nasios G, Kosmidou M, Giannopoulos S, Milionis H: Swallowing and aspiration risk: a critical review of non instrumental bedside screening tests. J Clin Neurol 2018;14:265\u2013274. PMID:29504298, DOI:10.3988\/jcn.2018.14.3.265","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2018.14.3.265"},{"key":"99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"99. Yang S, Choo YJ, Chang MC: The preventive effect of dysphagia screening on pneumonia in acute stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2021;9:1764. PMID:34946490, DOI:10.3390\/healthcare9121764","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9121764"},{"key":"100","unstructured":"100. Poorjavad M, Jalaie S: Systemic review on highly qualified screening tests for swallowing disorders following stroke: validity and reliability issues. J Res Med Sci 2014;19:776\u2013785. PMID:25422665"},{"key":"101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"101. Kulvanich S, Sakai H, Takanami R, Yamada M, Sasa A, Ito K, Tsujimura T, Magara J, Inoue M: Impact of oral function on regaining oral intake and adjusting diet forms for acute stroke patients. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022;31:106401. PMID:35228023, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106401"},{"key":"102","unstructured":"102. Ikezaki H, Hara S, Kiyonaga S, Kuroki H, Tateno S: Predicting the outcome of dysphagia in acute cerebral ischemia and hemorrhagic transformation patients (the second report)\u2014establishment of prediction model of oral intake by follow-up study [in Japanese]. Jpn J Dysphagia Rehabil 2013;17:3\u201312."},{"key":"103","unstructured":"103.Oshima F, Oshima Y, Makino M, Oda K: Dysphagia and nutrition in acute stroke patients [in Japanese]. Jibi to Rinsho 2006;52:S21\u2013S24."},{"key":"104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"104. S\u00f8rensen RT, Rasmussen RS, Overgaard K, Lerche A, Johansen AM, Lindhardt T: Dysphagia screening and intensified oral hygiene reduce pneumonia after stroke. J Neurosci Nurs 2013;45:139\u2013146. PMID:23636069, DOI:10.1097\/JNN.0b013e31828a412c","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0b013e31828a412c"},{"key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"105. Trapl M, Enderle P, Nowotny M, Teuschl Y, Matz K, Dachenhausen A, Brainin M: Dysphagia bedside screening for acute-stroke patients: the Gugging Swallowing Screen. Stroke 2007;38:2948\u20132952. PMID:17885261, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.483933","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.483933"},{"key":"106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"106. Edmiaston J, Connor LT, Loehr L, Nassief A: Validation of a dysphagia screening tool in acute stroke patients. Am J Crit Care 2010;19:357\u2013364. PMID:19875722, DOI:10.4037\/ajcc2009961","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2009961"},{"key":"107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"107. Benfield JK, Everton LF, Bath PM, England TJ: Accuracy and clinical utility of comprehensive dysphagia screening assessments in acute stroke: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. J Clin Nurs 2020;29:1527\u20131538. PMID:31970825, DOI:10.1111\/jocn.15192","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15192"},{"key":"108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"108. Antonios N, Carnaby-Mann G, Crary M, Miller L, Hubbard H, Hood K, Sambandam R, Xavier A, Silliman S: Analysis of a physician tool for evaluating dysphagia on an inpatient stroke unit: the modified Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2010;19:49\u201357. PMID:20123227, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.03.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.03.007"},{"key":"109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"109. Turner-Lawrence DE, Peebles M, Price MF, Singh SJ, Asimos AW: A feasibility study of the sensitivity of emergency physician dysphagia screening in acute stroke patients. Ann Emerg Med 2009;54:344\u2013348.e1. PMID:19362752, DOI:10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.03.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.03.007"},{"key":"110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"110. Daniels SK, McAdam CP, Brailey K, Foundas AL: Clinical assessment of swallowing and prediction of dysphagia severity. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 1997;6:17\u201324. DOI:10.1044\/1058-0360.0604.17","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360.0604.17"},{"key":"111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"111. Lim SH, Lieu PK, Phua SY, Seshadri R, Venketasubramanian N, Lee SH, Choo PW: Accuracy of bedside clinical methods compared with fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES) in determining the risk of aspiration in acute stroke patients. Dysphagia 2001;16:1\u20136. PMID:11213241, DOI:10.1007\/s004550000038","DOI":"10.1007\/s004550000038"},{"key":"112","unstructured":"112. Murayama Y, Ugai S, Nakayama I, Harada M: Attempt of building a decision tree to predict prognosis of acute stroke patients with a focus on daily living disability [in Japanese]. Med J Aizawa Hosp 2016;14:13\u201321."},{"key":"113","unstructured":"113. Okamoto K, Kyoda K, Tsubokawa M, Irie K, Miwa T, Kagechika K: Estimate of swallowing ability of acute stroke patients with estimate model of Fujishima dysphagia grading [in Japanese]. Deglutition 2018;7:273\u2013278."},{"key":"114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"114. Bath PM, Lee HS, Everton LF: Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke. Cochrane Libr 2018;2018:CD000323. PMID:30376602, DOI:10.1002\/14651858.CD000323.pub3","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000323.pub3"},{"key":"115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"115. Duncan S, McAuley DF, Walshe M, McGaughey J, Anand R, Fallis R, Blackwood B: Interventions for oropharyngeal dysphagia in acute and critical care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 2020;46:1326\u20131338. PMID:32514597, DOI:10.1007\/s00134-020-06126-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06126-y"},{"key":"116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"116. Foley N, Teasell R, Salter K, Kruger E, Martino R: Dysphagia treatment post stroke: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Age Ageing 2008;37:258\u2013264. PMID:18456790, DOI:10.1093\/ageing\/afn064","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afn064"},{"key":"117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"117. Wang T, Dong L, Cong X, Luo H, Li W, Meng P, Wang Q: Comparative efficacy of non-invasive neurostimulation therapies for poststroke dysphagia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurophysiol Clin 2021;51:493\u2013506. PMID:34535361, DOI:10.1016\/j.neucli.2021.02.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2021.02.006"},{"key":"118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"118. Lin Q, Lin SF, Ke XH, Jia XF, Huang DB: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on swallowing function of poststroke patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2022;101:446\u2013453. PMID:34261896, DOI:10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001845","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001845"},{"key":"119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"119. He K, Wu L, Ni F, Li X, Liang K, Ma R: Efficacy and safety of mirror therapy for post-stroke dysphagia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2022;13:874994. PMID:35860492, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2022.874994","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.874994"},{"key":"120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"120. Xie Y, Wang L, He J, Wu T: Acupuncture for dysphagia in acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;CD006076. PMID:18646136, DOI:10.1002\/14651858.CD006076.pub2","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006076.pub2"},{"key":"121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"121. Suntrup-Krueger S, Ringmaier C, Muhle P, Wollbrink A, Kemmling A, Hanning U, Claus I, Warnecke T, Teismann I, Pantev C, Dziewas R: Randomized trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for poststroke dysphagia. Ann Neurol 2018;83:328\u2013340. PMID:29350775, DOI:10.1002\/ana.25151","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25151"},{"key":"122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"122. Kumar S, Marchina S, Langmore S, Massaro J, Palmisano J, Wang N, Searls DE, Lioutas V, Pisegna J, Wagner C, Shinde A, Schlaug G: Fostering eating after stroke (FEASt) trial for improving post-stroke dysphagia with non-invasive brain stimulation. Sci Rep 2022;12:9607. PMID:35689084, DOI:10.1038\/s41598-022-14390-9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14390-9"},{"key":"123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"123. Matos KC, de Oliveira VF, de Oliveira PL, Carvalho FA, de Mesquita MR, da Silva Queiroz CG, Marques LM, Lima DL, Carvalho FM, Braga-Neto P: Combined conventional speech therapy and functional electrical stimulation in acute stroke patients with dyphagia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2022;22:231\u2013243. PMID:35733098, DOI:10.1186\/s12883-022-02753-8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-022-02753-8"},{"key":"124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"124. Katayama M, Sakai K, Sanjo Y, Nakamura C, Tomita K, Inoue S, Okada S, Muramatsu K, Nomura T, Suga S: Usefulness of oral care and dysphagia rehabilitation in acute stroke patients [in Japanese]. No Junkan Taisha 2016;27:243\u2013247. DOI:10.16977\/cbfm.27.2_243","DOI":"10.16977\/cbfm.27.2_243"},{"key":"125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"125. Nakazora T, Maeda J, Iwamoto K, Hanashiro S, Nakamura Y, Kiyozuka T, Domen K: Intervention by speech therapists to promote oral intake of patients with acute stroke: a retrospective cohort study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017;26:480\u2013487. PMID:28041902, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.12.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.12.007"},{"key":"126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"126. Carnaby G, Hankey GJ, Pizzi J: Behavioural intervention for dysphagia in acute stroke: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:31\u201337. PMID:16361020, DOI:10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70252-0","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70252-0"},{"key":"127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"127. Kristoffersen ES, Jahr SH, Faiz KW, Storstein AM, Winsvold BS, Sandset EC: Acute stroke care during the first phase of COVID\u201019 pandemic in Norway. Acta Neurol Scand 2021;143:349\u2013354. PMID:33421104, DOI:10.1111\/ane.13392","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13392"},{"key":"128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"128. Fuentes B, Alonso de Leci\u00f1ana M, Calleja-Casta\u00f1o P, Carneado-Ruiz J, Egido-Herrero J, Gil-N\u00fa\u00f1ez A, Masju\u00e1n-Vallejo J, Vivancos-Mora J, Rodr\u00edguez-Pardo J, Riera-L\u00f3pez N, Xim\u00e9nez-Carrillo \u00c1, Cruz-Culebras A, G\u00f3mez-Escalonilla C, D\u00edez-Tejedor E, en representaci\u00f3n de los hospitales del Plan Ictus Madrid: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisation of stroke care. Madrid Stroke Care Plan. Neurologia (Engl Ed) 2020;35:363\u2013371. PMID:32563566, DOI:10.1016\/j.nrleng.2020.05.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2020.05.013"},{"key":"129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"129. Wang CC, Chao JK, Wang ML, Yang YP, Chien CS, Lai WY, Yang YC, Chang YH, Chou CL, Kao CL: Care for patients with stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic: physical therapy and rehabilitation suggestions for preventing secondary stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020;29:105182. PMID:33066878, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105182"},{"key":"130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"130. Venketasubramanian N: Stroke care services in Singapore during COVID-19 pandemic\u2014a national perspective. Front Neurol 2020;11:780. PMID:32849231, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2020.00780","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00780"},{"key":"131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"131. Sylaja PN, Srivastava MV, Shah S, Bhatia R, Khurana D, Sharma A, Pandian JD, Kalia K, Sarmah D, Nair SS, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P: The SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\/COVID\u201019 pandemic and challenges in stroke care in India. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020;1473:3\u201310. PMID:32396683, DOI:10.1111\/nyas.14379","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14379"},{"key":"132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"132. Bersano A, Kraemer M, Touz\u00e9 E, Weber R, Alamowitch S, Sibon I, Pantoni L: Stroke care during the COVID\u201019 pandemic: experience from three large European countries. Eur J Neurol 2020;27:1794\u20131800. PMID:32492764, DOI:10.1111\/ene.14375","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14375"},{"key":"133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"133. Burns SP, Fleming TK, Webb SS, Kam AS, Fielder JD, Kim GJ, Hu X, Hill MT, Kringle EA: Stroke recovery during the COVID-19 pandemic: a position paper on recommendations for rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022;103:1874\u20131882. PMID:35533736, DOI:10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.04.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.04.004"},{"key":"134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"134. Dafer RM, Osteraas ND, Biller J: Acute stroke care in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020;29:104881. PMID:32334918, DOI:10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104881"},{"key":"135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"135. Fraiman P, Godeiro Junior C, Moro E, Cavallieri F, Zedde M: COVID-19 and cerebrovascular diseases: a systematic review and perspectives for stroke management. Front Neurol 2020;11:574694. PMID:33250845, DOI:10.3389\/fneur.2020.574694","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.574694"},{"key":"136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"136. Venketasubramanian N, Anderson C, Ay H, Aybek S, Brinjikji W, de Freitas GR, Del Brutto OH, Fassbender K, Fujimura M, Goldstein LB, Haberl RL, Hankey GJ, Heiss WD, Lestro Henriques I, Kase CS, Kim JS, Koga M, Kokubo Y, Kuroda S, Lee K, Lee TH, Liebeskind DS, Lip GY, Meairs S, Medvedev R, Mehndiratta MM, Mohr JP, Nagayama M, Pantoni L, Papanagiotou P, Parrilla G, Pastori D, Pendlebury ST, Pettigrew LC, Renjen PN, Rundek T, Schminke U, Shinohara Y, Tang WK, Toyoda K, Wartenberg KE, Wasay M, Hennerici MG: Stroke care during the COVID-19 pandemic: international expert panel review. Cerebrovasc Dis 2021;50:245\u2013261. PMID:33756459, DOI:10.1159\/000514155","DOI":"10.1159\/000514155"},{"key":"137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"137. Iodice F, Romoli M, Giometto B, Clerico M, Tedeschi G, Bonavita S, Leocani L, Lavorgna L, Digital Technologies, Web and Social Media Study Group of the Italian Society of Neurology: Stroke and digital technology: a wake-up call from COVID-19 pandemic. Neurol Sci 2021;42:805\u2013809. PMID:33433756, DOI:10.1007\/s10072-020-04993-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04993-3"},{"key":"138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"138. AHA\/ASA Stroke Council Leadership: Temporary emergency guidance to US stroke centers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: on behalf of the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association Stroke Council leadership. Stroke 2020;51:1910\u20131912. PMID:32233972, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030023","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030023"},{"key":"139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"139. Khosravani H, Rajendram P, Notario L, Chapman MG, Menon BK: Protected code stroke: hyperacute stroke management during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Stroke 2020;51:1891\u20131895. PMID:32233980, DOI:10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.029838","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.029838"},{"key":"140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"140. Japanese Stroke Society PCS Working Group: Protocol for stroke management during COVID-19 pandemic: protected code stroke, Japan Stroke Society edition (JSS-PCS). Jpn J Stroke 2020;42:315\u2013343.","DOI":"10.3995\/jstroke.10828"},{"key":"141","unstructured":"141. The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine: Infection control guideline. The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2022. https:\/\/www.jarm.or.jp\/document\/guideline_jarm_infection.pdf. Accessed 25 Nov 2023."},{"key":"142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"142. Aguiar de Sousa D, van der Worp HB, Caso V, Cordonnier C, Strbian D, Ntaios G, Schellinger PD, Sandset EC, European Stroke Organisation: Maintaining stroke care in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from an international survey of stroke professionals and practice recommendations from the European Stroke Organisation. Eur Stroke J 2020;5:230\u2013236. PMID:33072876, DOI:10.1177\/2396987320933746","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987320933746"},{"key":"143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"143. Kanazawa N, Inoue N, Tani T, Naito K, Horiguchi H, Fushimi K: Implementation of rehabilitation and patient outcomes during the initial COVID-19 pandemic. Prog Rehabil Med 2022;7:20220031. PMID:35814717, DOI:10.2490\/prm.20220031","DOI":"10.2490\/prm.20220031"}],"container-title":["Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/prm\/9\/0\/9_20240015\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T05:03:56Z","timestamp":1714194236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/prm\/9\/0\/9_20240015\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2490\/prm.20240015","relation":{},"ISSN":["2432-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2432-1354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"article-number":"20240015"}}