{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T08:12:47Z","timestamp":1648714367851},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Discover STM Publishing Ltd.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sudanjp.com\/?sec=licenseinfo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sudan J Paed"],"DOI":"10.24911\/sjp.106-1587809750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T13:56:21Z","timestamp":1588859781000},"page":"77-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["COVID-19 and lessons learned from the pandemic wave of meningococcal meningitis (1985\u00961990)"],"prefix":"10.24911","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Swar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10538","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Lapeyssonnie, L. La m\u00e9ningite c\u00e9r\u00e9bro-spinale en Afrique. Bull WHO. 1963;28(Suppl 1):1-114."},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Mustafa Salih [cited 2020 Apr 21]. Available from: https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=01NYJZ8AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Salih MAM. Laboratory diagnosis of meningitis: an overview in relation to the Sudan. Sudan J Paediatr. 1984 [cited 2020 Mar 27];3:10-9. Available from: https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/0d3b\/f8c765c16512c2050d080eb1249717e0277b.pdf"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Swar MO. Building Gaafar Ibnauf Children's Hospital: unprecedented story. Sudan J Paediatr. 2015;15(2):100-8."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MAM, El Haq AI, Ahmed HS, Bushara M, Yassin I, Omer MIA, et al. Endemic bacterial meningitis in Sudanese children: aetiology, clinical findings, treatment and short term outcome. Ann Trop Paediatr. 1990;10:203-10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02724936.1990.11747431","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1990.11747431"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MAM, Khaleefa OH, Bushara M, Taha ZB, Musa ZA, Kamil I, et al. Long term sequelae of childhood acute bacterial meningitis in a developing country: a study from the Sudan. Scand J Infect Dis. 1991;23:175-82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365549109023397","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549109023397"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MAM, Ahmed HS, Hofvander Y, Danielsson D, Olcen P. Rapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitis by an enzyme immunoassay of cerebrospinal fluid. Epidemiol Infect. 1989;103:301-10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0950268800030661","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800030661"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"TECHNICAL REPORT. An overview of the rapid test situation for COVID-19 diagnosis in the EU\/EEA [cited 2020 Apr 6]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/Overview-rapid-test-situation-for-COVID-19-diagnosis-EU-EEA.pdf"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MA, Ahmed HS, Karrar ZA, Kamil I, Osman KA, Palmgren H, et al. Features of a large epidemic of group A meningococcal meningitis in Khartoum, Sudan in 1988. Scand J Infect Dis. 1990;22(2):161-70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365549009037897","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549009037897"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MA, Ahmed HS, Osman KA, Kamil I, Palmgren H, Hofvander Y, et al. Clinical features and complications of epidemic group A meningococcal disease in Sudanese children. Ann Trop Paediatr. 1990;10(3):231-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02724936.1990.11747436","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1990.11747436"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MAM, Danielsson D, Backman A, Caugant DA, Achtman M, Olcen P. Characterization of epidemic and non-epidemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A strains from Sudan and Sweden. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28:1711-19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.28.8.1711-1719.1990","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.28.8.1711-1719.1990"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Palmgren H. Meningococcal disease and climate. Glob Health Action. 2009;2(1):2061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/gha.v2i0.2061","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v2i0.2061"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Karrar ZA, Bashaar S, Salih MAM. Mortality among children with meningococcal disease: an analysis of deaths during the 1988 epidemic. Sudan Med J. 1990;28:1-4."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Best J, Hughes S. Evidence behind the WHO Guidelines: hospital care for children--what are the useful clinical features of bacterial meningitis found in infants and children? J Trop Pediatr. 2008;54(2):83-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmn013","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmn013"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Salih MA. Welcome Speech of the International Child Neurology Association (ICNA) Educational Meeting in Khartoum, Sudan (January 27-31, 2015). Sudan J Paediatr. 2015;15(1):79-87. PMID: 27493428; PMCID: PMC4949866."},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Report on the Third Intercountry Meeting of National Officers Responsible for Medical Research, Khartoum, Sudan, 25-27 November 1986 [cited 2020 Apr 11]. Available from: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/116696\/1\/who_em_rsr_35_e_en.pdf"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khalil SI, Elhadd TA. Short Communication Ahmed Hashim Bey Al Baghdadi the patron of medical students. Sudan Med J. 2013;49(2):106-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12816\/0015614","DOI":"10.12816\/0015614"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Salih MA, Satti SA. Commitment to the wellbeing of children worldwide. Sudan J Paediatr. 2011;11(2):4-5."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salih MA. Childhood acute bacterial meningitis in the Sudan: an epidemiological, clinical and laboratory study. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1990;66:1-103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/inf.1989.21.suppl-66.01","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1989.21.suppl-66.01"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"McIntosh K, Hirsch MS, Bloom A. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). UpToDate. Hirsch MS, Bloom A, Eds.). Accessed from: https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Erwa HH, Haseeb MA, Idris AA, Lapeyssonie L, Sanborn WR, Sippel JE. A serogroup A meningococcal vaccine. Studies in the Sudan to combat meningococcal meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis group A. Bull WHO. 1973;49:301-5."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mahgoub E. Tribute to the Late Professor Hashim Hassan Erwa: A Teacher, Researcher and Guidance in Immunology (1933-2017). Sudan Med J. 2017;11(5291):1-3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12816\/0039465","DOI":"10.12816\/0039465"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Salih MA. Professor Mansour Ali Haseeb: Highlights from a pioneer of biomedical research, physician and scientist. Sudan J Paediatr. 2013;13(2):66-75."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K\u00e4yhty H, Karanko V, Peltola H, Sarna S, M\u00e4kel\u00e4 PH. Serum antibodies to capsular polysaccharide vaccine of group A Neissera meningitidis followed for three years in infants and children. J Infect Dis. 1980;142(6):861-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/142.6.861","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/142.6.861"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reingold AL, Broome CV, Hightower AW, Ajello GW, Bolan GA, Adamsbaum C, et al. Age-specific differences in duration of clinical protection after vaccination with meningococcal polysaccharide A vaccine. Lancet (London, England). 1985;2(8447):114-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90224-7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90224-7"},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Meningitis A nearly eliminated in Africa through vaccination [cited 2020 Apr 15]. Available from: http:\/\/www.gavi.org\/library\/news\/gavi-features\/2016\/meningitis-a-nearly-eliminated-in-africa-through-vaccination\/"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ding Y, Luo S, Zheng X, Ling P, Yue T, Liu Z, Weng J. Association of Population Migration and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic Control. medRxiv 2020.02.18.20024661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20024661","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.18.20024661"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cyranoski D. What China's coronavirus response can teach the rest of the world. Nature. 2020;579(7800):479-80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-020-00741-x","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-00741-x"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khattabi EM, Zouini M, Jamil MO. The thermal constituting of the air provoking the spread of (COVID-19). Available from SSRN: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3560374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.3560374","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3560374"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de \u00c1ngel Sol\u00e1 DE, Wang L, V\u00e1zquez M, L\u00e1zaro M. Weathering the pandemic: how the Caribbean Basin can use viral and environmental patterns to predict, prepare and respond to COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.25864","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25864"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Uddin M, Mustafa F, Rizvi TA, Loney T, Al Suwaidi H, Al Marzouqi A, et al. SARS-CoV-2\/COVID-19: viral genomics, epidemiology, vaccines, and therapeutic interventions. Preprints 2020, 2020040005 (doi: 10.20944\/preprints202004.0005.v1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202004.0005.v1","DOI":"10.3390\/v12050526"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yezli S, Assiri AM, Alhakeem RF, Turkistani AM, Alotaibi B. Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings. Int J Infect Dis. 2016;47:60-4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.04.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.04.007"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Badahdah AM, Alghabban F, Falemban W, Albishri A, Rani Banik G, Alhawassi T, et al. Meningococcal vaccine for Hajj Pilgrims: compliance, predictors, and barriers. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2019;4(4):127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/tropicalmed4040127","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed4040127"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Adeel AAA. Andrew Balfour, of Khartoum: a Pioneer of tropical medicine worldwide. Sudan J Paediatr 2013;13(1):63-74."},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Fredlund H. Serum factors and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in human host defence against Neisseria meningitidis. Studies of interactions with special reference to a chemiluminometric technique. Scand J Infect Dis. 1993;87(Suppl):1-72. Doctoral thesis, Uppsalla University."},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Backman A. Neisseria meningitidis and diagnosis of bacterial meningitis: genotypic and phenotypic characterization, antibiotic cusceptibility and PCR detection. Doctoral thesis, Linkoping University; 1999."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Olc\u00e9n P, Lantz PG, B\u00e4ckman A, R\u00e5dstr\u00f6m P. Rapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitis by a seminested PCR strategy. Scand J Infect Dis 1995;27(5):537-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365549509047063","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549509047063"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, Kaufman BA, Roos KL, Scheld WM, Whitley RJ. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(9):1267-84. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/425368","DOI":"10.1086\/425368"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Kon-Tiki Museum [cited 2020 Apr 23]. Available from: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kon-Tiki_Museum"}],"container-title":["Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejmanager.com\/fulltextpdf.php?mno=102007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T00:17:33Z","timestamp":1625876253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejmanager.com\/fulltextpdf.php?mno=102007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24911\/sjp.106-1587809750","relation":{},"ISSN":["0256-4408"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0256-4408","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}