{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:08:16Z","timestamp":1789668496187,"version":"4.0.1"},"publisher-location":"California","reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Deep neural networks deliver strong performance but remain opaque, limiting their use in high-stakes domains that require transparency and human oversight. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) address this gap by introducing a human-interpretable concept layer that mediates inputs and decisions, enabling semantic explanations and test-time intervention. This survey provides a unified review of CBMs organized along four dimensions: concept acquisition, concept-based decision making, concept intervention, and concept evaluation. We summarize the evolution of concept construction from manual annotation to lexicon-based mining, LLM\/VLM-guided generation, and visually grounded discovery via prototypes and diffusion models; review emerging CBM architectures beyond strict bottlenecks; and consolidate evaluation and intervention protocols emphasizing faithfulness, sparsity, and intervenability, with particular relevance to high-stakes domains such as healthcare. We synthesize fragmented literature and outline key challenges and future directions for concept-based interpretable decision making.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2026\/892","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:01:13Z","timestamp":1789596073000},"page":"8041-8049","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concept Bottleneck Models for Explainable Decision Making: A Survey of Progress, Taxonomy, and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.24963","author":[{"given":"Chunjiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaohua Kevin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Digital Twin Technology, Suzhou, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, USTC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10584","event":{"name":"Thirty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-26}","theme":"Artificial Intelligence","location":"Bremen, Germany","acronym":"IJCAI-2026","number":"35","sponsor":["International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization (IJCAI)"],"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]}},"container-title":["Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:36:37Z","timestamp":1789666597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijcai.org\/proceedings\/2026\/892"}},"subtitle":[],"proceedings-subject":"Artificial Intelligence Research Articles","short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24963\/ijcai.2026\/892","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}}}