{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:34:03Z","timestamp":1785238443047,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oceanside Publications Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["allergy asthma proc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Asthma exacerbations (AE) are episodes characterized by a progressive increase in symptoms of shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, or chest tightness with a decrease in lung function.\n There have been previous studies that examined the role of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) in asthma, but there have been no studies of the role of EDN in children experiencing AE.  <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> In this study, we aimed to examine the association of EDN with lung function\n and prognosis in children admitted for severe AE.  <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> We enrolled 82 children who were admitted for severe AE at two different university hospitals in South Korea between January 2018 and December 2019. Blood tests, including white blood cell count, myeloperoxidase\n (MPO), total eosinophil count, EDN, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and interleukin (IL) 4, IL-5, IL-10 values, and lung function were measured on admission and at discharge in each patient.  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> We observed significant decreases in the levels of MPO, EDN, CRP, and\n IL-4, with significant improvement in lung function after treatment. We then classified the subjects into two groups of different clinical phenotypes: eosinophilic asthma exacerbation (EAE) group and non-EAE group. EDN levels were higher and lung functions were lower in the EAE group. Also,\n we found that the EDN level was a significant biomarker useful for predicting the number of days for hospital stay.  <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> We found that EDN can act as a biomarker that reflects lung function, and that EDN could act as a prognostic biomarker, which demonstrated the\n complex role of EDN in children experiencing AE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2022.43.210001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T10:47:26Z","timestamp":1648032446000},"page":"133-139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin: An asthma exacerbation biomarker in children"],"prefix":"10.2500","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Hwan Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeon-Jong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Jin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong In","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Yeon","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Keun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Asthma and Allergy Center, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Min","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Jang's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Tack","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1355","reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"Global strategy for asthma management and prevention 2021","year":"2021"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200801-060ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement: asthma control and exacerbations: standardizing endpoints for clinical asthma trials and clinical practice","volume":"180","author":"Reddel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201810-1931CI","article-title":"Mechanisms and management of asthma exacerbations","volume":"199","author":"Ramsahai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12345","article-title":"Full blood count parameters for the detection of asthma inflammatory phenotypes","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2014.06.014","article-title":"Association of serum periostin with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease","volume":"113","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2014.06.005","article-title":"High blood eosinophil count is a risk factor for future asthma exacerbations in adult persistent asthma","volume":"2","author":"Zeiger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-016-0263-8","article-title":"Burden of asthma with elevated blood eosinophil levels","volume":"16","author":"Casciano","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.07.015","article-title":"Blood eosinophil count and outcomes in severe uncontrolled asthma: a prospective study","volume":"5","author":"Zeiger","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.233.49","article-title":"Expression levels of eosinophil granule protein mRNAs in induced sputum reflect airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow limitation","volume":"233","author":"Jung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2019.11.3.394","article-title":"Serum levels of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin: a biomarker for asthma severity in adult asthmatics","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.03.035","article-title":"Serum eosinophil-derived neurotoxin better reflect asthma control status than blood eosinophil counts","volume":"8","author":"An","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2018.01.004","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase: its role for host defense, inflammation, and neutrophil function","volume":"640","author":"Aratani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20587384211040641","DOI":"10.1177\/20587384211040641","article-title":"Combined score of C-reactive protein level and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: a novel marker in distinguishing children with exacerbated asthma","volume":"35","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3831","article-title":"Type 2 cytokines: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies","volume":"15","author":"Wynn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.47","article-title":"CD4+ Th2 cells are directly regulated by IL-10 during allergic airway inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Coomes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.1.ats11-99","article-title":"Guidelines for methacholine and exercise challenge testing-1999. 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