{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:31:18Z","timestamp":1785403878856,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oceanside Publications Inc.","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["allergy asthma proc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Sulfonamides are associated with severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggers an immune response, which may increase the likelihood of developing a hypersensitivity reaction.  <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold> We sought\n to explore the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the probability of developing SCARs and\/or erythema multiforme (EM) reactions to sulfonamides.  <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> In the propensity score-matched cohort study by using the de-identified\n TriNetX Research data base, patients who had an exposure to antibiotic or non-antibiotic sulfonamides between March 1, 2020, and January 1, 2023, were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of a previous COVID-19 infection within 6 months of starting the sulfonamide agent.\n The outcomes studied were the 30-day risk of developing SCARs or EM (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, or EM) within 3 months of sulfonamide exposure. Cohorts were matched based on baseline demographics; malignant lymphoid\n neoplasms; human immunodeficiency virus; systemic lupus erythematosus; bone marrow transplantation; diabetes; psoriasis; seizures; gout; solid organ or stem cell transplantation; COVID-19 vaccination; and exposure to risk medications, including allopurinol, levetiracetam, carbamazepine, lamotrigine,\n oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, abacavir, nevirapine, piroxicam, tenoxicam, or mexiletine.  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> When comparing 345,119 patients on sulfonamides and with previous COVID-19 to an equal number of sulfonamides users without a previous COVID-19, patients with COVID-19\n had a lower risk of developing any form of SCARs (relative risk 0.39 [95% confidence interval, 0.26, 0.58]; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).  <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to be associated with a lower probability of developing SCARs or EM among patients using\n sulfonamides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2024.45.240086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]],"date-time":"2024-11-09T04:32:18Z","timestamp":1731126738000},"page":"e93-e100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["COVID-19 and severe cutaneous allergic reactions to sulfonamides"],"prefix":"10.2500","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Elen","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Section of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Section of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinh V.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy & Immunology Vinmec International Hospital, Times City, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taha","family":"Al-Shaikhly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Section of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1355","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832048","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.832048","article-title":"Drug-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions: insights into clinical presentation, immunopathogenesis, diagnostic methods, treatment, and pharmacogenomics","volume":"13","author":"Tempark","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front 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