{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T16:50:31Z","timestamp":1756572631602,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oceanside Publications Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["allergy asthma proc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are marked by persistent eosinophilia, absence of a primary cause, and evidence of eosinophil-mediated organ damage. HES presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations, with prognosis and treatment varying based on the subtype,\n including myeloid\/lymphoid neoplasms and chronic eosinophilic leukemia, not otherwise specified. The primary treatment goal is to reduce eosinophil levels to prevent organ damage, typically by using glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents. However, these treatments often have limited\n efficacy and considerable adverse effects.  <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> Given the central role of interleukin (IL) 5 in eosinophil development and survival, this study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of anti\u2010IL-5 therapies in patients with HES.  <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A\n systematic literature search was conducted on two data bases. The primary outcome was the reduction in absolute eosinophil count, and secondary outcomes included the incidence of flares and adverse events. Data Analysis was conducted, and forest plots were made for each outcome.  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n Four trials were included in the analysis. Ninety-five percent of the patients in the anti\u2010IL-5 group showed a reduction in the absolute eosinophil count compared with 41% in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 2.32 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.67\u20103.22]; p = &lt;0.00001;\n tau statistic (I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) = 0%). Anti\u2010IL-5 therapy was associated with a lower incidence of disease flares, with 15% of the patients in the anti\u2010IL-5 group who experienced flares compared with 30% in the placebo group (RR 0.50 [95% CI, 0.31\u20100.86]; p = 0.01; I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0%). The incidence of adverse events was similar between the two groups (RR 0.99 [95% CI, 0.91\u20101.07]; p = 0.81; I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0%).  <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Anti\u2010IL-5 therapies are effective in reducing eosinophil count and preventing disease flares in patients with\n HES.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2025.46.240106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T04:31:02Z","timestamp":1740630662000},"page":"e24-e32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Efficacy of anti-interleukin 5 therapy in hypereosinophilic syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.2500","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Saad","family":"Masood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Rafay","family":"Paracha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdur Rehman","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Hamza","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laveeza","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beena Muntaha","family":"Nasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shafiq Ur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospitals, SGTH, Swat, Pakistan; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Komal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farooq","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1355","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2007.07.001","article-title":"Cardiovascular manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndromes","volume":"27","author":"Ogbogu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25617","article-title":"World Health Organization\u2010defined eosinophilic disorders: 2019 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management","volume":"94","author":"Shomali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14488","article-title":"Guideline for the investigation and management of eosinophilia","volume":"176","author":"Butt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.10.005","article-title":"Biomarkers for severe eosinophilic asthma","volume":"140","author":"Yancey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753466618808490","DOI":"10.1177\/1753466618808490","article-title":"Mepolizumab in the management of severe eosinophilic asthma in adults: current evidence and practical experience","volume":"12","author":"Emma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther Adv Respir Dis"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.06.049","article-title":"Mepolizumab as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in lymphocytic variant hypereosinophilic syndrome","volume":"126","author":"Roufosse","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.049","article-title":"Anti\u2013interleukin-5 (mepolizumab) therapy for hypereosinophilic syndromes","volume":"113","author":"Garrett","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.04.004","article-title":"MEDI-563, a humanized anti\u2013IL-5 receptor alpha mAb with enhanced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity function","volume":"125","author":"Kolbeck","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199920020-00002","article-title":"The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA)","volume":"20","author":"Brown","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"volume-title":"Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5) [Computer program]. 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