{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T05:12:19Z","timestamp":1775538739045,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oceanside Publications Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["allergy asthma proc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Mosquito bite hypersensitivity results from abnormal immune responses to salivary proteins with potent immunomodulatory properties. In children, both type I (immunoglobulin E [IgE] mediated) and type IV (cell mediated) mechanisms contribute to the reaction spectrum,\n ranging from localized erythema to extensive inflammatory lesions. Although mosquito-specific IgE assays are commercially available, their diagnostic utility and correlation with clinical severity remain unclear.\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The objective was to describe the clinical and\n immunologic characteristics of children with mosquito hypersensitivity, evaluate the diagnostic relevance of mosquito-specific IgE, and explore associations with atopic background.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A retrospective study was conducted on 206 children who underwent mosquito-specific\n IgE testing between June 2023 and June 2025. The mosquito allergy group included children with large local reactions, prolonged lesions, or systemic symptoms; the controls had typical reactions only. Clinical features, atopic comorbidities, total IgE levels, eosinophil percentages, and inhalant\n sensitizations were compared between the groups.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Atopic diseases were significantly more common in the mosquito allergy group versus the controls (87.0% versus 52.7%; p &lt;\u20090.001). Mosquito-specific IgE positivity was low and similar across the groups (mosquito\n allergy group 6\/77 [7.8%] vs controls 13\/129 [10.1%]; p = 0.63), which showed no correlation with reaction type, duration, or severity. The total IgE levels were significantly higher in the mosquito allergy group (p =\u20090.045). The most frequent lesions were erythematous papules (88.3%)\n and immediate wheals (89.6%), whereas bullous lesions were rare (7.8%) and self-limited. Quality of life was mainly affected by avoidance of outdoor activities (16.9%) and psychological distress (15.6%).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In pediatric mosquito hypersensitivity, clinical assessment\n outweighs mosquito-specific IgE testing for diagnosis. Despite the strong association with atopy, specific IgE positivity remains low, which supports the primacy of clinical history and lesion morphology in diagnostic decision-making.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2026.47.250103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T04:35:38Z","timestamp":1773722138000},"page":"112-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mosquito bite hypersensitivity in children: Clinical features outweigh specific IgE in diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.2500","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Kazim Okan","family":"Dolu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Idan Firat","family":"Unay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasemin","family":"Tepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeynep Efsan","family":"Baser Sinoplu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cagla","family":"Karavaizoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Health Science University, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Basaksehir, Istanbul, Turkey; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elanur Yolal","family":"Karimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hande Ucler","family":"Cinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himmet Haluk","family":"Akar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, 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