{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:41:02Z","timestamp":1790862062682,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is elevated in airway inflammatory diseases such as asthma and triggers dendritic cell\u2013mediated activation of Th2 inflammatory responses. Although allergic chronic sinusitis is a Th2 inflammatory disease of the upper airway, the mechanism underlying the predominance of Th2 responses still has to be clarified. We investigated the expression of TSLP in cytokine-treated nasal polyp fibroblasts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fibroblast lines were established from nasal polyp tissues. Their expression of TSLP mRNA was evaluated by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The amount of TSLP in the supernatants was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nasal polyp fibroblasts have the capacity to produce TSLP in response to stimulation by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. Combined stimulation with TNF-alpha + a Th2 cytokine (IL-4 or IL-13) was synergistic for TSLP production by the nasal polyp fibroblasts. This response was time and dose dependent. The TNF-alpha + Th2 cytokine (IL-4 or IL-13)\u2013induced TSLP production was strongly inhibited by interferon gamma but not by IL-10.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results suggest that nasal polyp fibroblasts play a role in the development and regulation of Th2-type inflammation in the upper airway by producing TSLP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2010.24.3436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,10]],"date-time":"2010-02-10T20:34:00Z","timestamp":1265834040000},"page":"e14-e18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Synergistic Induction of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin by Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Th2 Cytokine in Nasal Polyp Fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Manabu","family":"Nonaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Fukumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nozomu","family":"Ogihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsuko","family":"Sakanushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruby","family":"Pawankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Yagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 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