{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:08:06Z","timestamp":1777385286389,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Macrolides are known to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue reparative effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of macrolides (erythromycin [EM] and roxithromycin [RXM]) on the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and extracellular matrix accumulation in transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1\u2013induced nasal polyp\u2013derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) and to determine if NADPH oxidase (Nox) 4 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the aforementioned processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nasal polyps of six patients (three women and three men; 32.3 \u00b1 5.2 years of age) were acquired during surgery and NPDFs were isolated from surgical tissues. NPDFs were pretreated with macrolides for 2 hours before differentiation induction by TGF-beta1. The mRNA expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), collagen types I and III, and Nox4 were determined by reverse-transcription\u2013polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of alpha-SMA protein was determined by immunocytochemical staining. The amount of total collagen production was analyzed by SirCol collagen dye-binding assay. ROS activity was measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction assay and was visualized by fluorescent microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In TGF-beta1\u2013induced NPDFs, EM, and RXM significantly inhibited expressions of alpha-SMA and collagen types I and III mRNA and reduced alpha-SMA and collagen protein levels at concentrations of 5 and 10 \u03bcg\/mL. EM and RXM also inhibited TGF-\u03b21\u2013induced ROS production and Nox4 mRNA expression at the same concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results suggest the possibility that EM and RXM may play an important role in inhibiting the development of nasal polyps through their antioxidant effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2010.24.3520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,23]],"date-time":"2010-09-23T00:00:21Z","timestamp":1285200021000},"page":"348-353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The Effect of Macrolides on Myofibroblast Differentiation and Collagen Production in Nasal Polyp\u2013Derived Fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hyo-Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Il-Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung-Sun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You-Mi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heung-Man","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164801300006326"},{"key":"bibr2-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00130832-200302000-00001"},{"key":"bibr3-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2006.01.003"},{"key":"bibr4-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318159cc0b"},{"key":"bibr5-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000187457.24338.3D"},{"key":"bibr6-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2007.05.014"},{"key":"bibr7-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2006.00695.x"},{"key":"bibr8-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00269.2005"},{"key":"bibr9-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.105.021600"},{"key":"bibr10-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000190403.87462.bf"},{"key":"bibr11-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2007.01213.x"},{"key":"bibr12-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065899782102791"},{"key":"bibr13-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2002.01616.x"},{"key":"bibr14-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3318"},{"key":"bibr15-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3340"},{"key":"bibr16-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000177031.06112.50"},{"key":"bibr17-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0001648021000028132"},{"key":"bibr18-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00057104"},{"key":"bibr19-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5070\/D304975508","volume":"8","author":"Jain A","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"bibr20-ajra.2010.24.3520","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480310002519"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; 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