{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:54:06Z","timestamp":1787025246715,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who suffer from hyposmia and anosmia report a negative effect on their overall quality of life. Smell disturbance of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can improve after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Although several studies have shown that 50\u201383% of patients may notice an improvement in olfactory function after ESS, the olfactory improvement after revision ESS (RESS), especially by objective measurements, is still lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Olfactory function was assessed by the traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT-TC) preoperatively and postoperatively, recorded as smell identification test (SIT) score. Olfactory outcomes from anosmia to hyposmia\/normosmia, or from hyposmia to normosmia, were considered as \u201cimprovement.\u201d Postoperative assessments were divided into two periods: period 1 (P1) is defined as &gt;6 but &lt;12 months postoperatively; period 2 (P2) is defined as &gt;12 but &lt;24 months postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-two patients with smell disturbance preoperatively (period 0 [P0]) and confirmed by UPSIT-TC were enrolled into this study. Mean SIT score at P0 was 13.3; mean SIT score at P1 was 18.6; mean SIT score at P2 was 20.4. The presence of nasal polyps blocking the olfactory cleft were associated with better olfaction improvements (p &lt; 0.05) as was the degree of mucosal swelling. The overall improvement rates were 44.8 and 47.8% at P1 and P2, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RESS resulted in objective evidence of olfactory improvement in approximately one-half of our cohort over 16 months of follow-up and offers a treatment option for an otherwise poor prognosis condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2013.27.3939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]],"date-time":"2013-07-24T12:38:30Z","timestamp":1374669510000},"page":"e96-e100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Objective Olfactory Outcomes after Revision Endoscopic Sinus Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Chao-Yuan","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kuang-Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Piao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Hung","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kuang-Tien General Hospital, and Department of Biotechnology, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik Kent","family":"Weitzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jen-Tsung","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kuang-Tien 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