{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:12:35Z","timestamp":1777385555257,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although several studies have claimed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from human tissues can ameliorate allergic airway inflammation, the immunomodulatory mechanism of MSCs remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to determine the effects and the underlying mechanism of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSC) on allergic inflammation compared with adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASC) in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis (AR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MSCs were isolated from human palatine tonsil (T-MSC) and the surface markers were analyzed. The effect of T-MSCs was evaluated in 24 BALB\/c mice that were randomly divided into four groups (negative control group, positive control group, T-MSC group, and ASC group). MSCs were administered intravenously to ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized mice (T-MSC and ASC groups) on days 18 to 23, and subsequent OVA challenge was conducted daily from days 24 to 28. Several parameters of allergic inflammation were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>T-MSC and ASC had similar characteristics in surface markers. Intravenous injection of T-MSC significantly reduced allergic symptoms, eosinophil infiltration, serum total, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), and the nasal and systemic T-helper (Th) 2 cytokine profile. Further analysis revealed that nasal innate cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) 25 and IL-33, and chemokines, such as CCL11, CCL24, induction was suppressed in T-MSCs injected groups, which explained their underlying mechanism. In addition, the T-MSC group had more inhibition of allergic inflammation than did the ASC group, which might be attributed to the more proliferative activity of T-MSC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Administration of T-MSC effectively reduced allergic symptoms and inflammatory parameters in the mouse model of AR. T-MSC treatment reduced Th2 cytokines and OVA-specific IgE secretion from B cells. In addition, innate cytokine (IL-25 and IL-33) expression and eotaxin messenger RNA expression was inhibited in the nasal mucosa, which is suggestive of the mechanism of reduced allergic inflammation. Therefore, T-MSC treatment is potentially an alternative therapeutic modality in AR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2015.29.4216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T01:45:32Z","timestamp":1434591932000},"page":"262-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Immunomodulatory Effect of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Allergic Rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ramachandran","family":"Samivel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea"},{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young-Jun","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea"},{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hun","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea"},{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2754"},{"key":"bibr2-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1241"},{"key":"bibr3-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.440"},{"key":"bibr4-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.10.048"},{"key":"bibr5-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cti.2013.9"},{"key":"bibr6-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2009.0513"},{"key":"bibr7-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-014-9954-6"},{"key":"bibr8-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2014.06.007"},{"key":"bibr9-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2012.04.016"},{"key":"bibr10-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2011.0157"},{"key":"bibr11-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2152-y"},{"key":"bibr12-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2014.28.4055"},{"key":"bibr13-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02476.x"},{"key":"bibr14-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.30"},{"key":"bibr15-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070406"},{"key":"bibr16-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003080"},{"key":"bibr17-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2012.706708"},{"key":"bibr18-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/436476"},{"key":"bibr19-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.656"},{"key":"bibr20-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2008-0283"},{"key":"bibr21-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0054"},{"key":"bibr22-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2012.02875.x."},{"key":"bibr23-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.03.003"},{"key":"bibr24-ajra.2015.29.4216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102996"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; 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