{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:12:22Z","timestamp":1791972742100,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without polyps has a high impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL), but the difference in HRQL and symptom presentation between two clinical phenotypes of CRS has not been specifically evaluated before now.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate patterns of symptoms and HRQL disease-specific domains affected in patients with CRS by comparing differences between two clinical phenotypes, adjusted for demographics, major risk factors, comorbidities, current medical treatment, and previous surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A group of 251 patients with CRS completed the visual analog scale (VAS) symptom severity score and the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire. Data sets were analyzed by using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify a set of symptom components, together with the items excluded from PCA, which were then analyzed for differences between patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and patients with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCA of SNOT-22 items identified six components, three referred to CRS-specific symptoms termed \u201cnasal\u201d; \u201cextranasal, rhinologic\u201d; and \u201colfactory\/cough\u201d; and three referred to HRQL impairment termed \u201csleep disturbance,\u201d \u201cfunctional disturbance,\u201d and \u201cemotional disturbance.\u201d Nasal obstruction, ear pain, ear fullness, and fatigue were excluded from PCA and treated as separate outcomes. Patients with CRSwNP had significantly worse nasal symptoms, olfactory\/cough symptoms, and nasal obstruction. Patients with CRSsNP scored significantly worse with regard to fatigue and to sleep and functional disturbances. The PCA results for VAS scores identified three symptom components: pain, nasal symptoms, and pharyngeal symptoms. Patients with CRSwNP had significantly worse VAS nasal symptoms but less pronounced VAS pain symptoms than patients with CRSsNP. The total SNOT-22 score between the groups was not significantly different.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With controlling of covariates that may influence the severity of the disease, this study showed significant differences in symptom patterns and different aspects of HRQL impairment between patients with CRSwNP and patients with CRSsNP, however, with no difference in the total HRQL score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,14]],"date-time":"2016-03-14T23:54:51Z","timestamp":1457999691000},"page":"107-112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Differences in the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 and Visual Analog Scale Symptom Scores in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with and without Nasal Polyps"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Tomislav","family":"Greguri\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Centre \u201cSestre Milosrdnice,\u201d Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Trkulja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomislav","family":"Baudoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre \u201cSestre Milosrdnice,\u201d Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Grgi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre \u201cSestre Milosrdnice,\u201d Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"\u0160migovec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livije","family":"Kalogera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre \u201cSestre Milosrdnice,\u201d Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2016.30.4274","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"Fokkens W.J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol 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