{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:25:22Z","timestamp":1792301122524,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the definition of anaphylaxis for clinical use may vary by professional health care organizations and individuals, the definition consistently includes the concepts of a serious, generalized or systemic, allergic or hypersensitivity reaction that can be life-threatening or even fatal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this review, we presented the important topics in the treatment of anaphylaxis in the office setting. This review will discuss triggers and risk factors, clinical diagnosis, and management of anaphylaxis in the office setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anaphylaxis in the office setting is a medical emergency. It, therefore, is important to prepare for it, to have a posted, written anaphylaxis emergency protocol, and to rehearse the plan regularly. In this review, we presented the important steps in managing anaphylaxis in the office. Treatment of anaphylaxis should start with epinephrine administered intramuscularly at the first sign of anaphylaxis. Oxygen and intravenous fluids may be needed for moderate-to-severe anaphylaxis or anaphylaxis that is quickly developing or if the patient is unresponsive to the first injection of epinephrine. Antihistamine therapy is considered adjunctive to epinephrine, which mainly relieves itching and urticaria. Corticosteroids, with an onset of action of 4\u20136 hours, have no immediate effect on anaphylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To prevent near-fatal and fatal reactions from anaphylaxis, the patient, the family, and the physician must remember to follow the necessary steps when treating anaphylaxis. In anaphylaxis, there is no absolute contraindication for epinephrine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,22]],"date-time":"2016-07-22T20:58:28Z","timestamp":1469221108000},"page":"e118-e123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Managing Anaphylaxis in the Office Setting"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Cemal","family":"Cingi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Center for Allergy and Asthma Control, Nova Southeastern University, College of Health Professions, Davie, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuray Bayar","family":"Muluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Medical Faculty, K\u03b9r\u03b9kkale University, K\u03b9r\u03b9kkale, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motohiro","family":"Ebisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Allergology and Rheumatology, Department of Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Castells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Immunology Training Program, Drug Hypersensitivity and Desensitization Center, Mastocytosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethem","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Clinics, Bayindir Icerenkoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niyazi","family":"Altintoprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Clinics, Tuzla State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61086-1"},{"key":"bibr2-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.01.038"},{"key":"bibr3-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000354543"},{"key":"bibr4-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e328355b7e4"},{"key":"bibr5-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1939-4551-7-9"},{"key":"bibr6-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12437"},{"key":"bibr7-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/0470861193.ch9","volume":"257","author":"Golden D.B.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Novartis Found Symp"},{"key":"bibr8-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2012.11.018"},{"key":"bibr9-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12012"},{"key":"bibr10-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.01.011"},{"key":"bibr11-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2014.35.3718"},{"key":"bibr12-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ar.2014.5.0086"},{"key":"bibr13-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2014.35.3717"},{"key":"bibr14-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e3181c82128"},{"key":"bibr15-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0204"},{"key":"bibr16-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.10.008"},{"key":"bibr17-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.10.012"},{"key":"bibr18-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.09.018"},{"key":"bibr19-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2002.1s3412.x"},{"key":"bibr20-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2004.11.028"},{"key":"bibr21-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.09.043"},{"key":"bibr22-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.112031"},{"key":"bibr23-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.all.0000136762.89313.0b"},{"key":"bibr24-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199208063270603"},{"key":"bibr25-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-012-0311-2"},{"key":"bibr26-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12047","volume":"67","author":"Hong X.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"bibr27-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.05.013"},{"key":"bibr28-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61367-1"},{"key":"bibr29-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03954.x"},{"key":"bibr30-ajra.2016.30.4336","first-page":"29","volume":"14","author":"Levy M.B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"bibr31-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2002.03366.x"},{"key":"bibr32-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1486"},{"key":"bibr33-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.08.048"},{"key":"bibr34-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.09.026"},{"key":"bibr35-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2005.08.006"},{"key":"bibr36-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32830638c5"},{"key":"bibr37-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01794.x"},{"key":"bibr38-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020220131327"},{"key":"bibr39-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.01.025"},{"key":"bibr40-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-012-1376-5"},{"key":"bibr41-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.06.022"},{"key":"bibr42-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1204000515"},{"key":"bibr43-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1973.04160020023004"},{"key":"bibr44-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(00)90196-9"},{"key":"bibr45-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12034"},{"key":"bibr46-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.10.060"},{"key":"bibr47-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60626-6"},{"key":"bibr48-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(86)90385-4"},{"key":"bibr49-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60003-8"},{"key":"bibr50-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.10.010"},{"key":"bibr51-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.02.006"},{"key":"bibr52-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60496-6"},{"key":"bibr53-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488607780598340"},{"key":"bibr54-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.01998.x"},{"key":"bibr55-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2014.03.015"},{"key":"bibr56-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2013.34.3659"},{"key":"bibr57-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.12.002"},{"key":"bibr58-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01737.x"},{"key":"bibr59-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.08.025"},{"key":"bibr60-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.01.009"},{"key":"bibr61-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.06.025"},{"key":"bibr62-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.08.016","volume":"126","author":"Simons F.E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Erratum in J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"bibr63-ajra.2016.30.4336","author":"Lockey R.F.","journal-title":"Disease Summaries."},{"key":"bibr64-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.11.062"},{"key":"bibr65-ajra.2016.30.4336","first-page":"1362","volume":"14","author":"Duke T.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"bibr66-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.048017"},{"key":"bibr67-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1395"},{"key":"bibr68-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61191-X"},{"key":"bibr69-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01926.x"},{"key":"bibr70-ajra.2016.30.4336","first-page":"S18","volume":"1","author":"Kemp S.F.","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"key":"bibr71-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2015.36.3859"},{"key":"bibr72-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.127860"},{"key":"bibr73-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00130832-200308000-00013"},{"key":"bibr74-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2005.023507"},{"key":"bibr75-ajra.2016.30.4336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02424.x"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:34:02Z","timestamp":1777368842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4336","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-8924","1945-8932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-8924","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-8932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}}}