{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:18:16Z","timestamp":1777385896924,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A frontal sinus leak is uncommon and is seen in \u223c15% of cases of patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. Now, endonasal endoscopic techniques have been reported to reconstruct skull base defects in the frontal sinus with a favorable outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review our experience in the repair of frontal sinus CSF leaks through an endonasal endoscopic approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-four patients with a frontal sinus leak who underwent endonasal endoscopic repair entered the study. Clinical presentation, location, frontal sinusotomy, graft material, follow-up, and frontal sinus status were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among &gt;100 cases of surgically repaired CST rhinorrhea, the frontal sinus was the site of the leak in 24 patients (mean age, 28.9 years; mean follow-up, 22 months). The etiology consisted of spontaneous leak and traumatic leak; whereas patients with skull base reconstruction after removal of tumor were excluded. Surgical approaches included Draf IIb, Draf III, Draf IIa in 20, 3, and 1 patients, respectively. Tree autografts as two-layer inlay fat\u2013muscle and onlay fascia lata were used in the majority of patients. A success rate was achieved in 95.83% of the patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endonasal endoscopic repair of a frontal sinus leak was a successful procedure, with a low failure rate and minimal morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]],"date-time":"2017-11-09T23:45:33Z","timestamp":1510271133000},"page":"406-411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Endonasal Endoscopic Management of Frontal Sinus Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Javaneh","family":"Jahanshahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Zeinalizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hasan Reza","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mousa","family":"Sadrehosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Division, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200408000-00029"},{"key":"bibr2-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.107452"},{"key":"bibr3-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2016.03.025"},{"key":"bibr4-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215054797961"},{"key":"bibr5-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.05.025"},{"key":"bibr6-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4371"},{"key":"bibr7-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.060"},{"key":"bibr8-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21019"},{"key":"bibr9-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000275675"},{"key":"bibr10-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1275241"},{"key":"bibr11-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3291"},{"key":"bibr12-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1363503"},{"key":"bibr13-ajra.2017.31.4478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21897"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:34:25Z","timestamp":1777368865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2500\/ajra.2017.31.4478","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-8924","1945-8932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-8924","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-8932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}}}