{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:18:26Z","timestamp":1777385906689,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The positioning of the nasal tip is as esthetically important as the tip projection when rhinoplasty is being considered. It is not uncommon for Asians to have a protruding upper lip and teeth that affect the nasolabial angle (NLA). This study aimed to find the preferred NLA according to the degree of upper lip protrusion in an Asian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A left-side lateral photograph of each participant was used for simulation of six different tip angles by using a photoshop program. First, the angles of the upper lip protrusion were changed into 10, 20, and 30\u00b0 by a perpendicular line to the Frankfort line in each image; then, the NLAs were changed into six different angles (from 75 to 110\u00b0) for each of the three angles of upper lip protrusion for each model. Newly transformed images of nasal tips, six for the male model and six for the female model, were made by using presentation software slides and were placed in a random order. Then, 120 Korean raters were asked to choose the most preferred image from among the slides.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 10\u00b0 of upper lip protrusion, the preferred mean \u00b1 standard deviation (SD) NLAs for the male and female models were 88.7 \u00b1 6.4\u00b0 and 92.9 \u00b1 6.9\u00b0, respectively. In 20\u00b0 of upper lip protrusion, the preferred mean \u00b1 SD NLAs for the male and female models were 80.9 \u00b1 6.9\u00b0 and 83.9 \u00b1 5.7\u00b0, respectively. In 30\u00b0 of upper lip protrusion, the preferred mean \u00b1 SD NLAs for the male and female models were 78.4 \u00b1 5.5\u00b0 and 79.0 \u00b1 5.4\u00b0, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In an Asian population, the preferred NLA was changed to a more acute angle according to the degree of upper lip protrusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]],"date-time":"2018-01-16T07:51:09Z","timestamp":1516089069000},"page":"66-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Esthetic Nasolabial Angle according to the Degree of Upper Lip Protrusion in an Asian Population"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"So Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Eulji University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho Yun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Sik","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myoung Su","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2010.05.014"},{"key":"bibr2-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2015.29.4225"},{"key":"bibr3-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2013.1244"},{"key":"bibr4-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000216796.63683.d3"},{"key":"bibr5-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200211000-00001"},{"key":"bibr6-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182958b40"},{"key":"bibr7-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000000385"},{"key":"bibr8-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182402e12"},{"key":"bibr9-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199202000-00002"},{"key":"bibr10-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70047-1"},{"key":"bibr11-ajra.2018.32.4485","first-page":"19","volume":"18","author":"Moate S.J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aust Orthod J."},{"key":"bibr12-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2000.104411"},{"key":"bibr13-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000000729"},{"key":"bibr14-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1456"},{"key":"bibr15-ajra.2018.32.4485","first-page":"504","volume":"37","author":"Perkins K.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J."},{"key":"bibr16-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134525"},{"key":"bibr17-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564816"},{"key":"bibr18-ajra.2018.32.4485","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X14547947"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:34:27Z","timestamp":1777368867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4485","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-8924","1945-8932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-8924","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-8932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}}}