{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:18:35Z","timestamp":1777385915365,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Recent studies demonstrated that B cells and their chemoattractants are elevated in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). However, the presence of naive B cells and of plasmablasts and memory B-cell subsets in the mucosa and periphery of the same patient with CRS is yet to be characterized.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Here we sought to quantify naive, plasmablasts, and memory B cells in mucosal tissue and peripheral blood of patients with CRSwNP, patients with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and control patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Polyps, mucosa, and peripheral blood samples were prospectively collected from the patients with CRS and from the non-CRS controls. We used flow cytometry to distinguish among naive, plasmablast, and memory B cells in sinus tissue and peripheral blood.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n A total of 45 patients were recruited for the study. The patients with CRSwNP had significantly increased mucosal B-cell numbers versus the controls (3.39 \u00b1 4.05% versus 0.39 \u00b1 1.05% of live cells; p < 0.01, Kruskal-Wallis test), which included naive B cells (0.61 \u00b1 0.94 versus 0.11 \u00b1 0.24% of live cells; p < 0.03, Kruskal-Wallis test), plasmablasts (0.06 \u00b1 0.26 versus 0.00 \u00b1 0.00% e cells; p < 0.055, Kruskal-Wallis test), and memory B cells (0.62 \u00b1 1.26 versus 0.05 \u00b1 0.15% of live cells; p < 0.02, Kruskal-Wallis test).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Our study identified increased frequencies of different B-cell subtypes in the mucosa of patients with CRSwNP but not in the peripheral blood. We also found that patients with CRSwNP had significantly increased B-cell subtypes compared with the patients with CRSsNP and the controls. These results implied a potential role for mucosal B cells in the ongoing inflammation in patients with CRSwNP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2018.32.4496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]],"date-time":"2018-01-16T07:51:09Z","timestamp":1516089069000},"page":"3-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Naive and Effector B-cell Subtypes are Increased in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Dijana","family":"Miljkovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery\u2014Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alkis","family":"Psaltis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery\u2014Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter-John","family":"Wormald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery\u2014Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Vreugde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery\u2014Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1938"},{"key":"bibr2-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.12.7867"},{"key":"bibr3-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/381751a0"},{"key":"bibr4-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1886"},{"key":"bibr5-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5258.54"},{"key":"bibr6-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.03.002"},{"key":"bibr7-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.01.043"},{"key":"bibr8-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2013.27.3917"},{"key":"bibr9-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00621.x"},{"key":"bibr10-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.07.007"},{"key":"bibr11-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2015.29.4142"},{"issue":"23","key":"bibr12-ajra.2018.32.4496","first-page":"1","author":"Fokkens W.J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol"},{"key":"bibr13-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2010.03512.x"},{"key":"bibr14-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21173"},{"key":"bibr15-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-09-110874"},{"key":"bibr16-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21696"},{"key":"bibr17-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin13.154"},{"key":"bibr18-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.7.2393","volume":"142","author":"Abu-Ghazaleh R.I.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"bibr19-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.8.2712","volume":"146","author":"Kita H.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"bibr20-ajra.2018.32.4496","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-016-0121-8"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology & 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