{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:03:45Z","timestamp":1763388225127,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S.C. JURNALUL PENTRU MEDICINA SI VIATA S.R.L","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2024-0404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:00:41Z","timestamp":1763388041000},"page":"678-684","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parents' knowledge and awareness of physiological genu varum in Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.25122","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Omer","family":"Alrasheed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Orthopedic Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amnah","family":"Alkhawajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rabab","family":"Alkhalaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyad Saad","family":"Alasmari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mazen Mohammed","family":"Hakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Almarhabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10755","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2010.03.001","article-title":"Toe walking, flat feet and bow legs, intoeing and outtoeing","volume":"20","author":"Jacobs B","year":"2010","unstructured":"1. Jacobs B, Toe walking, flat feet and bow legs, intoeing and outtoeing, Paediatr Child Health, 2010;20(5):221-224","journal-title":"Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.32792\/jmed.v10i2.147","article-title":"Clinical and statistical assessment of aetiological factors of genu varum in children","volume":"10","author":"Shaty WG","year":"2015","unstructured":"2. Shaty WG, Clinical and statistical assessment of aetiological factors of genu varum in children, Thi-Qar Med J, 2015;10(2):23-36","journal-title":"Thi-Qar Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/01720610-201002000-00013","article-title":"Bowing of the right lower leg in a 6-month-old infant","volume":"23","author":"Smith JR, Davidson R","year":"2010","unstructured":"3. Smith JR, Davidson R, Bowing of the right lower leg in a 6-month-old infant, JAAPA, 2010;23(2):69-71","journal-title":"JAAPA"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-200010000-00012","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of bowed legs in children","volume":"9","author":"Davids JR, Blackhurst DW, Allen BL","year":"2000","unstructured":"4. Davids JR, Blackhurst DW, Allen BL, Clinical evaluation of bowed legs in children, J Pediatr Orthop B, 2000;9(4):278-84","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","first-page":"259","article-title":"Normal limits of knee angle in white children--genu varum and genu valgum","volume":"13","author":"Heath CH, Staheli LT","year":"1993","unstructured":"5. Heath CH, Staheli LT, Normal limits of knee angle in white children--genu varum and genu valgum, J Pediatr Orthop, 1993;13(2):259-62","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557020-00021","article-title":"The development of the tibiofemoral angle in children","volume":"57","author":"Salenius P, Vankka E","year":"1975","unstructured":"6. Salenius P, Vankka E, The development of the tibiofemoral angle in children, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1975;57(2):259-61","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"176","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198306000-00018","article-title":"Angular and torsional deformities of the lower limbs in children","author":"Kling TF, Hensinger RN","year":"1983","unstructured":"7. Kling TF, Hensinger RN, Angular and torsional deformities of the lower limbs in children, Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1983;(176):136-47","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.70284\/njirm.v12i4.3120","article-title":"Proportion of genu valgum and genu varum in students aged 19\u201325 years","volume":"12","author":"Jain U, Dabholkar A","year":"2021","unstructured":"8. Jain U, Dabholkar A, Proportion of genu valgum and genu varum in students aged 19\u201325 years, Natl J Integr Res Med, 2021;12(4):19-25","journal-title":"Natl J Integr Res Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677508989212","article-title":"Physiological genu varum","volume":"46","author":"Hansson LI, Zayer M","year":"1975","unstructured":"9. Hansson LI, Zayer M, Physiological genu varum, Acta Orthop Scand, 1975;46(2):221-9","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-200010000-00011","article-title":"Long-term results after physiological genu varum","volume":"9","author":"Zayer M","year":"2000","unstructured":"10. Zayer M, Long-term results after physiological genu varum, J Pediatr Orthop B, 2000;9(4):271-7","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mporth.2020.09.007","article-title":"Genu varum in children","volume":"34","author":"Killen MC, DeKiewiet G","year":"2020","unstructured":"11. Killen MC, DeKiewiet G, Genu varum in children, Orthop Trauma, 2020;34(6):369-78","journal-title":"Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Normal variants and self-limiting conditions","author":"Paterson M","year":"2016","unstructured":"12. Paterson M, Normal variants and self-limiting conditions, Paediatric Orthopaedics in Clinical Practice, London:Springer, 2016;1-10","journal-title":"Paediatric Orthopaedics in Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.17727\/JMSR.2016\/4-005","article-title":"Blount\u2019s disease: A case report","volume":"4","author":"Krishnaiah K, Rathore S, Quadri V","year":"2016","unstructured":"13. Krishnaiah K, Rathore S, Quadri V, Blount\u2019s disease: A case report, J Med Sci Res, 2016;4(1):15-7","journal-title":"J Med Sci Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref14","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Management of bow legs in children: A primary care protocol","volume":"66","author":"Dettling S, Weiner DS","year":"2017","unstructured":"14. Dettling S, Weiner DS, Management of bow legs in children: A primary care protocol, J Fam Pract, 2017;66(5):E1-E6","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2019.9.24478","article-title":"Prevalence of musculoskeletal normal variations of the lower limbs in pediatric orthopedic clinic","volume":"40","author":"Bourgleh SM, Neme\u015f RN, Hetaimish BM, Chiu\u0163u LC","year":"2019","unstructured":"15. Bourgleh SM, Neme\u015f RN, Hetaimish BM, Chiu\u0163u LC, Prevalence of musculoskeletal normal variations of the lower limbs in pediatric orthopedic clinic, Saudi Med J, 2019;40(9):930-935","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtumed.2018.04.008","article-title":"Awareness of common paediatric orthopaedic problems among paediatricians and family medicine physicians","volume":"13","author":"Fallatah S, Felemban M, Farran A, Alharbi L, Borgola S","year":"2018","unstructured":"16. Fallatah S, Felemban M, Farran A, Alharbi L, Borgola S, Awareness of common paediatric orthopaedic problems among paediatricians and family medicine physicians, J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 2018;13(4):338-343","journal-title":"J Taibah Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2024.01.006","article-title":"Genu valgum in children","volume":"34","author":"Buchan S, Bennet S, Barry M","year":"2024","unstructured":"17. Buchan S, Bennet S, Barry M, Genu valgum in children, Paediatr Child Health, 2024;34(4):","journal-title":"Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000971","article-title":"Idiopathic Genu Valgum and Its Association With Obesity in Children and Adolescents","volume":"39","author":"Walker JL, Hosseinzadeh P, White H, Murr K, Milbrandt TA, Talwalkar VJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"18. Walker JL, Hosseinzadeh P, White H, Murr K, Milbrandt TA, Talwalkar VJ, Idiopathic Genu Valgum and Its Association With Obesity in Children and Adolescents, J Pediatr Orthop, 2019;39(7):347-352","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31927-1","article-title":"Deformity planning for frontal and sagittal plane corrective osteotomies","volume":"25","author":"Paley D, Herzenberg JE, Tetsworth K, McKie J, Bhave A","year":"1994","unstructured":"19. Paley D, Herzenberg JE, Tetsworth K, McKie J, Bhave A, Deformity planning for frontal and sagittal plane corrective osteotomies, Orthop Clin North Am, 1994;25(3):425-65","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v12n11p65","article-title":"Assessment of awareness and knowledge about rickets in primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia based on Health Belief Model and Social Cognitive Theory","volume":"12","author":"Alahmadi A, Aljaloud H, Bawazir A, Jradi H, Alhaidari R, Alofi E","year":"2020","unstructured":"20. Alahmadi A, Aljaloud H, Bawazir A, Jradi H, Alhaidari R, Alofi E, Assessment of awareness and knowledge about rickets in primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia based on Health Belief Model and Social Cognitive Theory, Glob J Health Sci, 2020;12(11):65","journal-title":"Glob J Health Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.24911\/IJMDC.51-1613409632","article-title":"Knowledge and awareness about Rickets disease in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia","volume":"5","author":"Alsaleem MK, Alalwan HA, Alkhars AM, Althabit FM, Bosror SI, Alkhars AF, Alalwan S","year":"2021","unstructured":"21. Alsaleem MK, Alalwan HA, Alkhars AM, Althabit FM, Bosror SI, Alkhars AF, Alalwan S, Knowledge and awareness about Rickets disease in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia, Int J Med Dev Ctries, 2021;5(4):1051-1059","journal-title":"Int J Med Dev Ctries"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001610010412","article-title":"Incidence and Risk Factors of Rachitic Genu Varus in Preschool Children in a Paediatric Health Institute in Egypt as One of the Developing Countries","volume":"10","author":"Bishay SN, El-Sherbini MH, Azzam AA, Lotfy AA","year":"2016","unstructured":"22. Bishay SN, El-Sherbini MH, Azzam AA, Lotfy AA, Incidence and Risk Factors of Rachitic Genu Varus in Preschool Children in a Paediatric Health Institute in Egypt as One of the Developing Countries, Open Orthop J, 2016;10412-9","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medicine and Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medandlife.org\/all-issues\/2025\/issue-7-2025\/original-article-issue-7-2025\/parents-knowledge-and-awareness-of-physiological-genu-varum-in-saudi-arabia\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:00:55Z","timestamp":1763388055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medandlife.org\/all-issues\/2025\/issue-7-2025\/original-article-issue-7-2025\/parents-knowledge-and-awareness-of-physiological-genu-varum-in-saudi-arabia\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["JMedLife-18-678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25122\/jml-2024-0404","relation":{},"ISSN":["1844-3117"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1844-3117","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}