{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:56:31Z","timestamp":1791118591750,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.9.447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T08:54:50Z","timestamp":1377852890000},"page":"447-460","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":233,"title":["Relationship Between Mechanical Factors and Incidence of Low Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.2519","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Nourbakhsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir Massoud","family":"Arab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1394","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1966.tb02885.x"},{"key":"p_2","first-page":"529","volume":"16","author":"Armstrong RB","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc."},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.5.4.275","volume":"5","author":"Ashmen KJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil."},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198908000-00014"},{"key":"p_6","first-page":"61","volume":"17","author":"Beninato M","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_7","first-page":"83","volume":"30","author":"Biedermann HJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol."},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198403000-00002"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(92)90024-X"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/62.9.1269","volume":"62","author":"Bohannon RW","year":"1982","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-71-5-243"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-70-6-299"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/66.5.677","volume":"66","author":"Burdett RG","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(86)90032-X"},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(89)90151-9"},{"key":"p_16","first-page":"13","volume":"10","author":"Buswell J","year":"1982","journal-title":"NZJ Physiother."},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-197911000-00003"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198511000-00007"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/79.11.1032","volume":"79","author":"Chok B","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80604-0"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.469375"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1999.29.10.595"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/31.6.389"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199303000-00012"},{"key":"p_26","first-page":"279","volume":"21","author":"Cyriax FE","year":"1924","journal-title":"Brit J Childs Dis."},{"key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/64.4.510","volume":"64","author":"Day JW","year":"1984","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/73.4.216","volume":"73","author":"Delitto A","year":"1993","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199511000-00008"},{"key":"p_30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198501000-00013"},{"key":"p_32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199108000-00018"},{"key":"p_33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198309000-00010"},{"key":"p_34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(90)90028-5"},{"key":"p_35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(92)90006-P"},{"key":"p_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/63.7.1085","volume":"63","author":"Gajdosik R","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_37","first-page":"29","volume":"66","author":"Gautier J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Engl Ed."},{"key":"p_38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198109000-00014"},{"key":"p_39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90300-3"},{"key":"p_40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199301000-00015"},{"key":"p_41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198503000-00008"},{"key":"p_42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(81)90073-4"},{"key":"p_43","first-page":"1044","volume":"13","author":"Helewa A","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"p_44","first-page":"965","volume":"17","author":"Helewa A","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"p_45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009738809178552"},{"key":"p_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2340\/165019778517513","volume":"17","author":"Hemborg B","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199612010-00011"},{"key":"p_48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199401001-00009"},{"key":"p_49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00934262"},{"key":"p_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2340\/165019779224310","volume":"24","author":"Holmstrom E","year":"1992","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199304000-00004"},{"key":"p_52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199209000-00001"},{"key":"p_53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90224-5"},{"key":"p_55","first-page":"165","author":"Jasty M","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Orthop."},{"key":"p_56","first-page":"191","volume":"18","author":"Jayasinghe WJ","year":"1978","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol."},{"key":"p_57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1997.25.4.253"},{"key":"p_58","first-page":"1","volume":"637","author":"Jorgensen K","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand Suppl."},{"key":"p_59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138708969704"},{"key":"p_60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60477-3"},{"key":"p_62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0720-048X(92)90083-L"},{"key":"p_63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90142-3"},{"key":"p_66","first-page":"154","volume":"54","author":"Kendall PH","year":"1968","journal-title":"Physiotherapy."},{"key":"p_69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679608994680"},{"key":"p_70","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Lankhorst GJ","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199901010-00013"},{"key":"p_73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199509150-00006"},{"key":"p_74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90044-0"},{"key":"p_75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09593989709036465"},{"key":"p_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2340\/165019771977197023742","volume":"2","author":"Lidstrom A","year":"1970","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90944-0"},{"key":"p_79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138708969744"},{"key":"p_80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198510000-00012"},{"key":"p_81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199214060-00008"},{"key":"p_83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198011000-00008"},{"key":"p_84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198813060-00012"},{"key":"p_85","first-page":"440","volume":"34","author":"Moffroid MT","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev."},{"key":"p_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/73.1.3","volume":"73","author":"Moffroid MT","year":"1993","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197701060065","volume":"1","author":"Nachemson A","year":"1969","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2340\/165019778517121127","volume":"17","author":"Nicolaisen T","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)67068-X"},{"key":"p_92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09593988509163857"},{"key":"p_93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199212000-00001"},{"key":"p_94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00003677-199200200-00008"},{"key":"p_95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1984.6.2.130"},{"key":"p_96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198509000-00009"},{"key":"p_98","first-page":"17","volume":"7","author":"Robison R","year":"1992","journal-title":"Occup Med."},{"key":"p_99","first-page":"158","volume":"11","author":"Roncarati A","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther."},{"key":"p_100","first-page":"373","volume":"11","author":"Rothbart BA","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther."},{"key":"p_101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198909000-00014"},{"key":"p_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/78.8.838","volume":"78","author":"Roy SH","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1021200"},{"key":"p_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/61.1.49","volume":"61","author":"Sanders G","year":"1981","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80628-8"},{"key":"p_107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199104000-00007"},{"key":"p_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769030-00014","volume":"69","author":"Staheli LT","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"key":"p_110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198805000-00019"},{"key":"p_111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199904010-00013"},{"key":"p_112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08226.x"},{"key":"p_113","first-page":"69","volume":"14","author":"Thorstensson A","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med."},{"key":"p_114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199101000-00005"},{"key":"p_115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60521-3"},{"key":"p_116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60638-3"},{"key":"p_117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198709000-00003"},{"key":"p_119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198709000-00002"},{"key":"p_120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199206000-00001"},{"key":"p_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.4.512","volume":"67","author":"Walker ML","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199611150-00013"},{"key":"p_123","first-page":"28","volume":"5","author":"Williams PC","year":"1955","journal-title":"Clin Orthop."},{"key":"p_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/76.10.1066","volume":"76","author":"Youdas JW","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"p_125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1995.21.1.13"},{"key":"p_126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199212000-00009"},{"key":"p_127","first-page":"176","volume":"62","author":"Zylbergold RS","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jospt.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.9.447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T13:07:56Z","timestamp":1715951276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jospt.org\/doi\/10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.9.447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.9.447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.9.447","relation":{},"ISSN":["0190-6011","1938-1344"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0190-6011","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-1344","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}}}