{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:46:52Z","timestamp":1792590412365,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.jospt.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic &amp; Sports Physical Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p> Experimental laboratory study. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p> To characterize the differences in lower extremity gait biomechanics in individuals who have knee osteoarthritis (OA) with and without self-reported knee instability. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Individuals with knee OA who experience episodes of knee instability often report gait difficulties that interfere with their daily lives. A better understanding of the alterations in gait biomechanics may help to mitigate symptomatic knee instability in this patient population. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Seventeen participants with knee OA and self-reported knee instability and 36 participants with knee OA and no self-reported knee instability underwent instrumented gait analysis on level ground. Knee-specific symptoms and functional limitations were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Knee instability was associated with greater odds of reporting moderate to severe gait-related pain (odds ratio = 6.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 28.9) and moderate to severe difficulty when walking on flat surfaces (odds ratio = 10.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.7, 69.2). During early stance, the group with self-reported knee instability walked with a greater knee flexion excursion (P = .02) and a smaller lower extremity support moment (P&lt;.01), due to reduced contributions from the hip extensors (P&lt;.01) and ankle plantar flexors (P = .04). The group with self-reported knee instability also walked with a greater knee extensor contribution to the lower extremity support moment (P = .04) during the initial knee extension phase of gait compared to their counterparts with good knee stability. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> These findings suggest that self-reported knee instability is associated with significant alterations in hip, knee, and ankle joint function during the stance phase of gait in individuals with knee OA. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(5):351\u2013359. Epub 26 Mar 2015. doi:10.2519\/jospt.2015.5540 <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2015.5540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,26]],"date-time":"2015-03-26T13:20:52Z","timestamp":1427376052000},"page":"351-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Altered Gait Characteristics in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis and Self-Reported Knee Instability"],"prefix":"10.2519","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Shawn","family":"Farrokhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra B.","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Sparto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Kelley","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1394","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738112445726"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290816"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20396"},{"key":"bib4","first-page":"1833","volume":"15","author":"Bellamy N","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"bib5","first-page":"153","volume":"19","author":"Bellamy N","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20718"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2003.08.007"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1997.25.4.236"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-326"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.10.009"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00005"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100188"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20825"},{"key":"bib14","first-page":"1193","volume":"22","author":"Hawker G","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20199"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2003.33.5.273"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20440"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20597"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00060-7"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(01)00097-3"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.05.005"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21262"},{"key":"bib24","volume-title":"Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function","author":"Perry J","year":"1992"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100090312"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22608"},{"key":"bib27","first-page":"1611","volume":"63","author":"Rothstein JM","year":"1983","journal-title":"Elbow and knee measurements. Phys Ther."},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670000166"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100090114"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22889"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20619"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2008.01.006"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.1997.0097"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22991"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-012-2025-1"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21142"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/71.2.90"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(84)90005-8"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(80)90162-1"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(94)00154-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic &amp; Sports Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jospt.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2519\/jospt.2015.5540","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T13:59:18Z","timestamp":1724680758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jospt.org\/doi\/10.2519\/jospt.2015.5540"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2519\/jospt.2015.5540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2015.5540","relation":{},"ISSN":["0190-6011","1938-1344"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0190-6011","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-1344","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}