{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T02:24:56Z","timestamp":1793672696779,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.jospt.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic &amp; Sports Physical Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the relationship between neck strength and sports-related concussion (SRC) for athletes participating in team sports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>DESIGN: Etiology systematic review with meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>LITERATURE SEARCH: PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched on March 17, 2022, and updated on April 18, 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Team sports where an opponent invades the player\u2019s territory (eg, football, rugby, basketball) that reported at least 1 measure of neck strength, and 1 measure of SRC incidence, using cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional study designs. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess risk of bias; certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>DATA SYNTHESIS: Studies were summarized qualitatively and quantitatively. To understand the relationship between neck strength and future SRC incidence, random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on prospective longitudinal studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    RESULTS: From a total of 1445 search results, eight studies including 7625 participants met the inclusion criteria. Five studies reported a relationship between greater neck strength or motor control and reduced concussion incidence. Pooled results from 4 studies indicated small ( r = 0.08-0.14) nonsignificant effects with substantial heterogeneity (I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    &gt;90%). The considerable heterogeneity is likely a result of synthesized studies with vastly different sample characteristics, including participant age, playing level, and sports.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS: There was very low\u2013certainty evidence suggesting a small, nonsignificant relationship between greater neck strength and a lower risk of sustaining a SRC. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(10):585-593. 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