{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T15:31:26Z","timestamp":1781710286991,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.jospt.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JOSPT Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of low-load blood flow restriction training (LL-BFRT) and heavy-load resistance training (HLRT) on quadriceps and hamstring strength, knee pain, joint effusion, and range of motion following bone\u2013patellar tendon\u2013bone (BPTB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>METHODS: LL-BFRT and HLRT included 12 weeks of biweekly strength training. Quadriceps and hamstring strength, measured in Newton-meters per kilogram, was assessed at 60\u00b0\/s, 180\u00b0\/s, and 300\u00b0\/s at baseline and final follow-up. At final follow-up, knee pain, joint effusion, and range of motion deficits were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS: Of 28 patients, 23 completed the study. Study groups were comparable at baseline. At final follow-up, no significant differences were observed in quadriceps strength at 60\u00b0\/s (2.7 and 3.1, p = 0.738), 180\u00b0\/s (2.3 and 2.8, p = 0.387), and 300\u00b0\/s (2.2 and 2.8, p = 0.387) as well as in hamstring strength at 60\u00b0\/s (3.2 and 3.1, p = 0.738), 180\u00b0\/s (3.2 and 2.9, p = 0.738), and 300\u00b0\/s (2.8 and 2.6, p = 0.738) for the LL-BFRT and HLRT groups, respectively. Similarly, no significant differences were found for knee pain (14.3% and 35.7%, p = 0.380), joint effusion (7.1% and 35.7%, p = 0.444), flexion deficit (7.1% and 28.6%, p = 0.426), and extension deficit (0.0% and 14.3%, p = 0.478).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSION: LL-BFRT in the early phase of rehabilitation following BPTB ACL reconstruction demonstrated similar muscle strength, knee pain, joint effusion, and range of motion compared with HLRT. These results support LL-BFRT as a safe alternative when HLRT cannot be performed. JOSPT Open 2026;4(2):166-173. 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