{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:10:35Z","timestamp":1760955035778},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case report describes a task-specific training protocol incorporating functional electrical stimulation for a person who had chronic stroke and who initially exhibited no active wrist or finger movement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Description<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 63-year-old man with hemiparesis caused by an ischemic stroke 7 years before the intervention described here received task-specific training incorporating an electrical stimulation neuroprosthesis 3 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. Testing was conducted before and after the intervention and again 6 weeks later with stroke-specific outcome measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increases in function and quality of life were observed after the intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>An intervention incorporating task-specific training with functional electrical stimulation appears to have increased function and quality of life in a person with chronic stroke. This type of intervention might provide a pathway by which people with similar impairments would become eligible for more advanced treatment regimens, such as modified constraint-induced therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,11]],"date-time":"2008-01-11T01:26:03Z","timestamp":1200014763000},"page":"397-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Four-Week, Task-Specific Neuroprosthesis Program for a Person With No Active Wrist or Finger Movement Because of Chronic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kari","family":"Dunning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"K Dunning, PT, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati Academic Medical Center, 3202 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45220-0394 (USA), and Director of Clinical Research, Drake Center, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Berberich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A Berberich, BS, is a graduate student in the Health Promotion and Education Program, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. She was an undergraduate health science student in the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati Academic Medical Center at the time of this research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany","family":"Albers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"B Albers, BS, is a Doctor of Physical Therapy student in the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cincinnati. She was an undergraduate health science student in the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati Academic Medical Center at the time of this research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Mortellite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K Mortellite, BS, is a Doctor of Physical Therapy student in the Doctor of Physical Therapy Division, Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC. She was an undergraduate health science student in the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati Academic Medical Center at the time of this resea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter G","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG Levine, PTA, BA, is Principal Research Assistant, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati Academic Medical Center, and Co-Director, Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Drake Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerie A","family":"Hill Hermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Hill Hermann, OT, MS, is Research Occupational Therapist, Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Drake Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SJ Page, PhD, is Associate Professor of Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Neurosciences, University of Cincinnati Academic Medical Center, and Director, Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Drake Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"2020010211494013000_R1","volume-title":"Heart and Stroke Statistical Update","year":"2005"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.4.740","article-title":"Health status of individuals with mild strokes","volume":"28","author":"Duncan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10749357.1997.11754126","article-title":"Synthesis of intervention trials to improve motor recovery following stroke","volume":"3","author":"Duncan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Top Stroke Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050830","article-title":"Mechanisms of recovery of dexterity following unilateral lesion of the sensorimotor cortex in adult monkeys","volume":"128","author":"Liu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-02-00785.1996","article-title":"Use-dependent alterations of movement representations in primary motor cortex of adult squirrel monkeys","volume":"16","author":"Nudo","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.2.1117","article-title":"Rapid plasticity of human cortical movement representation induced by practice","volume":"79","author":"Classen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/377155a0","article-title":"Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning","volume":"377","author":"Karni","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00481-7","article-title":"Efficacy of modified constraint-induced therapy in chronic stroke: a single blinded randomized controlled trial","volume":"85","author":"Page","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.10.002","article-title":"Effects of mental practice on affected limb use and function in chronic stroke","volume":"86","author":"Page","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/63.9.1393","article-title":"Electromyographic biofeedback applications to the hemiplegic patient: changes in upper-extremity neuromuscular and functional status","volume":"63","author":"Wolf","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215505cr909oa","article-title":"Home based EMG triggered stimulation in flaccid chronic stroke","volume":"19","author":"Gabr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.07.307","article-title":"Back from the brink: EMG-triggered stimulation combined with modified constraint-induced therapy in chronic stroke","volume":"87","author":"Page","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1139\/y04-057","article-title":"Therapy of a paretic arm in hemiplegic subjects augmented with a neural prosthesis: a cross over study","volume":"82","author":"Popovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-2003-18306","article-title":"A home based, self-administered stimulation program to improve selected hand functions in chronic stroke","volume":"18","author":"Alon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1053\/jscd.2002.127107","article-title":"Improving selected hand functions using a noninvasive neuroprosthesis in persons with chronic stroke","volume":"11","author":"Alon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199807000-00002","article-title":"Hybrid functional electrical stimulation orthosis system for the upper limb","volume":"77","author":"Weingarden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R17","first-page":"314","article-title":"The Modified Mini-Mental State Exam","volume":"48","author":"Teng","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206","article-title":"Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity","volume":"67","author":"Bohannon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331","article-title":"The post-stroke hemiplegic patient, I: a method for evaluation of physical performance","volume":"7","author":"Fugl-Meyer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/63.10.1606","article-title":"Reliability of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Sensorimotor Recovery following cerebrovascular accident","volume":"63","author":"Duncan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/70.9.542","article-title":"Relationship of sensory organization to balance function in patients with hemiplegia","volume":"70","author":"Di Fabio","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1177\/154596802401105171","article-title":"The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of motor recovery after stroke: a critical review of its measurement properties","volume":"16","author":"Gladstone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-198112000-00001","article-title":"A performance test for assessment of upper limb function in physical rehabilitation treatment and research","volume":"4","author":"Lyle","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18668","article-title":"The intra- and interrater reliability of the Action Research Arm Test: a practical test of upper extremity function in patients with stroke","volume":"82","author":"Van der Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90427-5","article-title":"The Arm Motor Ability Test: reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of an instrument for assessing disabilities in activities of daily living","volume":"78","author":"Kopp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.3.586","article-title":"Effects of constraint-induced therapy on patients with chronic motor deficits after stroke: a preliminary study","volume":"30","author":"Miltner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.10.2131","article-title":"The Stroke Impact Scale version 2","volume":"30","author":"Duncan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215505cr832oa","article-title":"Reliability and validity of arm function assessment with standardized guidelines for the Fugl-Meyer Test, Action Research Arm Test and Box and Block Test: a multicentre study","volume":"19","author":"Platz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.05.007","article-title":"Distributed form of constraint-induced movement therapy improves functional outcome and quality of life after stroke","volume":"86","author":"Dettmers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020010211494013000_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NPT.0000281254.33045.e4","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves severe hand dysfunction for individuals with chronic stroke: a pilot study","volume":"30","author":"Santos","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol Phys Ther"}],"container-title":["Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/88\/3\/397\/31684952\/ptj0397.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/88\/3\/397\/31684952\/ptj0397.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T05:02:27Z","timestamp":1708491747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/88\/3\/397\/2742426"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2522\/ptj.20070087","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9023","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-6724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}}}