{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:23:53Z","timestamp":1791667433723,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of this retrospective and prospective case report is to describe the feasibility and outcomes of using a low-cost, commercially available gaming system (Wii) to augment the rehabilitation of an adolescent with cerebral palsy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patient and Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The patient was an adolescent with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy classified as GMFCS level III who was treated during a summer session in a school-based setting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The patient participated in 11 training sessions, 2 of which included other players. Sessions were between 60 and 90 minutes in duration. Training was performed using the Wii sports games software, including boxing, tennis, bowling, and golf. He trained in both standing and sitting positions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three main outcome measures were used: (1) visual-perceptual processing, using a motor-free perceptual test (Test of Visual Perceptual Skills, third edition); (2) postural control, using weight distribution and sway measures; and (3) functional mobility, using gait distance. Improvements in visual-perceptual processing, postural control, and functional mobility were measured after training.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The feasibility of using the system in the school-based setting during the summer session was supported. For this patient whose rehabilitation was augmented with the Wii, there were positive outcomes at the impairment and functional levels. Multiple hypotheses were proposed for the findings that may be the springboard for additional research. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, this is the first published report on using this particular low-cost, commercially available gaming technology for rehabilitation of a person with cerebral palsy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20080062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,8]],"date-time":"2008-08-08T21:06:09Z","timestamp":1218229569000},"page":"1196-1207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":468,"title":["Use of a Low-Cost, Commercially Available Gaming Console (Wii) for Rehabilitation of an Adolescent With Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Judith E","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"JE Deutsch, PT, PhD, is Professor and Director of the Rivers Lab, Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, School of Health-Related Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Stanley S. Bergen Building, 65 Bergen St, SSB 723, Newark, NJ 07101-3001 (USA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Borbely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M Borbely was a DPT student, Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, School of Health-Related Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, at the time this case report was written"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Filler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J Filler was a DPT student, Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, School of Health-Related Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, at the time this case report was written"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Huhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K Huhn, PT, MHS, is Instructor, Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, School of Health-Related Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis","family":"Guarrera-Bowlby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P Guarrera-Bowlby, PT, MEd, PCS, is Associate Professor, Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, School of Health-Related Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"2019123109484942500_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/oti.202","article-title":"The influence of virtual reality on playfulness in children with cerebral palsy: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Reid","year":"2004","journal-title":"Occup Ther Int"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-1-12","article-title":"Video capture virtual reality as a flexible and effective rehabilitation tool","volume":"1","author":"Weiss","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-1-10","article-title":"Motor rehabilitation using virtual reality: review","volume":"1","author":"Sveistrup","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3109\/09638289809166063","article-title":"Is neurological rehabilitation ready for \u201cimmersion\u201d in the virtual reality world","volume":"20","author":"Ring","year":"1998","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.137","article-title":"Virtual reality in the rehabilitation of the upper limb after stroke: the user's perspective","volume":"9","author":"Crosbie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1162\/1054746053967058","article-title":"Virtual environment-based telerehabilitation in patients with stroke","volume":"14","author":"Holden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968306286914","article-title":"Sensorimotor training in a virtual reality environment: does it improve functional recovery poststroke","volume":"20","author":"Merians","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/01253086-200412000-00054","article-title":"Improved gait and elevation speed of individuals post-stroke after lower extremity training in virtual environments","volume":"28","author":"Deutsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2004.03.0283","article-title":"Stepping over obstacles to improve walking in individuals with poststroke hemiplegia","volume":"41","author":"Jaffee","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.157","article-title":"A treadmill and motion coupled virtual reality system for gait training post-stroke","volume":"9","author":"Fung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2007.11.007","article-title":"Virtual-reality based training improves community ambulation in individuals with stroke: a randomized controlled trial","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0b013e31815d00d5","article-title":"Feasibility of using the Sony PlayStation 2 gaming platform for an individual poststroke: a case report","volume":"31","author":"Flynn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/1363849021000039344","article-title":"Benefits of a virtual play rehabilitation environment for children with cerebral palsy on perceptions of self-efficacy: a pilot study","volume":"5","author":"Reid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Rehabil"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R14","first-page":"255","article-title":"The use of virtual reality with children with cerebral palsy: a pilot randomized trial","volume":"40","author":"Reid","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ther Recreation J"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.123","article-title":"Feasibility, motivation, and selective motor control: virtual reality compared to conventional home exercise in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"9","author":"Bryanton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2005.tb01216.x","article-title":"Cortical reorganization induced by virtual reality therapy in a child with hemiparetic cerebral palsy","volume":"47","author":"You","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280310001616358","article-title":"Improving spatial functioning in children with cerebral palsy using computerized and traditional game tasks","volume":"25","author":"Foreman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20060062","article-title":"Use of virtual reality to improve upper-extremity control in children with cerebral palsy: a single-subject design","volume":"87","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2019123109484942500_R19","first-page":"24","article-title":"The importance of the sense of touch in virtual and real environments","volume":"13","author":"Robles-De-La-Torre","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Multimedia Special Issue on Haptic User Interfaces for Multimedia Systems"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R20","first-page":"214","article-title":"Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"39","author":"Palisano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019123109484942500_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/J006v13n02_01","article-title":"The reliability and validity of the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test","volume":"13","author":"DeMatteo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R22","volume-title":"Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66 and GMFM-88) User's Manual","author":"Russell","year":"2002"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326942dn2603_2","article-title":"A retrospective neurocognitive study in children with spastic diplegia","volume":"26","author":"Pirila","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199909)14:5<780::AID-MDS1010>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral changes after unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy: relationship with lesional data from MRI","volume":"14","author":"Junque","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2006.00413.x","article-title":"Visual function and visual perception in cerebral palsied children","volume":"27","author":"Kozeis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R26","first-page":"365","article-title":"Perception and action in the human visual system","volume-title":"The New Cognitive Neurosciences","author":"Goodale","year":"2000"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/11038120310004510","article-title":"Test of Visual Perceptual Skills\u2013Revised: an overview and critique","volume":"10","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Occup Ther"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R28","volume-title":"Test of Visual Perceptual Skills\u20133","author":"Martin","year":"2006"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.41.10.646","article-title":"Evaluating the visual-perceptual skills of children with cerebral palsy","volume":"41","author":"Menken","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/000841749005700302","article-title":"A comparative study of visual perceptual skills in normal children and children with diplegic cerebral palsy","volume":"57","author":"Reid","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Occup Ther"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R31","article-title":"Reproducibility of findings derived from a new system for measuring balance maintenance: a study of normal subjects","author":"Kutay"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R32","volume-title":"Motor Learning: Concepts and Applications","author":"Magill","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"2019123109484942500_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/00001577-200214010-00002","article-title":"The effects of knowledge of performance and cognitive strategies on motor skill learning in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"14","author":"Thorpe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatric Physical Therapy"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.2001.93.2.419","article-title":"Accuracy of movement speed and error detection skills in adolescents with cerebral palsy","volume":"93","author":"Harbourne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3109\/17518429809078610","article-title":"Locomoting through apertures of different width: a study of children with cerebral palsy","volume":"2","author":"Savelsbergh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Rehabil"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-6383(01)00052-2","article-title":"Exploration in the service of prospective control","volume":"23","author":"Adolph","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00963.x","article-title":"Effect of balance training on recovery of stability in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"45","author":"Shumway-Cook","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.02048.x","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of the 10-metre fast walk test and 6-minute walk test in ambulatory school-aged children with cerebral palsy","volume":"50","author":"Thompson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.9.2.67","article-title":"Spatial knowledge of a real school environment acquired from virtual or physical models by able-bodied children and children with physical disabilities","volume":"9","author":"Foreman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Appl"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1992.tb08560.x","article-title":"Effect of increased exposure to physiotherapy on skill acquisition of children with cerebral palsy","volume":"34","author":"Bower","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/81.9.1534","article-title":"Effects of a functional therapy program on motor abilities of children with cerebral palsy","volume":"81","author":"Ketelaar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2019123109484942500_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.34286","article-title":"A systematic review of the effectiveness of strength-training programs for people with cerebral palsy","volume":"83","author":"Dodd","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/88\/10\/1196\/31667421\/ptj1196.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/88\/10\/1196\/31667421\/ptj1196.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T09:49:17Z","timestamp":1577785757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/88\/10\/1196\/2742345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2522\/ptj.20080062","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9023","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-6724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]}}}