{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:55:00Z","timestamp":1787025300295,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Glenohumeral subluxation (GHS) is a common poststroke complication. Treatment of GHS is hampered by the lack of objective, real-time clinical measurements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The aims of this study were: (1) to compare an ultrasound method of GHS measurement with the fingerbreadth palpation method using a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and (2) to report the sensitivity and specificity of this method.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n A prospective study was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n The study was conducted in local hospitals and day centers in the southwest of England.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients<\/jats:title>\n One hundred five patients who had one-sided weakness following a first-time stroke (51 men, 54 women; mean age=71 years, SD=11) and who gave informed consent were enrolled in the study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Measurements<\/jats:title>\n Ultrasound measurements of acromion\u2013greater tuberosity (AGT) distance were used for the assessment of GHS. Measurements were undertaken on both shoulders by a research physical therapist trained in shoulder ultrasound with the patient seated in a standardized position. Fingerbreadth palpation assessment of GHS was undertaken by a clinical physical therapist based at the hospital, who also visited the day centers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The area under the ROC curve was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]=0.63, 0.83), suggesting that the ultrasound method has good agreement compared with the fingerbreadth palpation method. A cutoff point of \u22650.2 cm AGT measurement difference between affected and unaffected shoulders generated a sensitivity of 68% (95% CI=51%, 75%), a specificity of 62% (95% CI=47%, 80%), a positive likelihood ratio of 1.79 (95% CI=1.1, 2.9), and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.55 (95% CI=0.4, 0.8).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Limitations<\/jats:title>\n Clinical therapists involved in the routine care of patients conducted the fingerbreadth palpation method. It is likely that they were aware of the patients' subluxation status.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The ultrasound method can detect minor asymmetry (\u22640.5 cm) and has the potential advantage over the fingerbreadth palpation method of identifying patients with minor subluxation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20130303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,24]],"date-time":"2014-07-24T23:50:21Z","timestamp":1406245821000},"page":"1622-1631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Assessment of Glenohumeral Subluxation in Poststroke Hemiplegia: Comparison Between Ultrasound and Fingerbreadth Palpation Methods"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Praveen","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"P. Kumar, PhD, MCSP, MIAP, MSPA, Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Room 1K05, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Stapleton, Bristol, BS16 1DD, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Mardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M. Mardon, BSc, Department of Physiotherapy, University Hospital Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M. Bradley, MD, Department of Radiology, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selena","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S. 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