{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T13:39:42Z","timestamp":1772890782038,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cast immobilization induces mechanical hypersensitivity, which disturbs rehabilitation. Although vibration therapy can reduce various types of pain, whether vibration reduces immobilization-induced hypersensitivity remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of vibration therapy on immobilization-induced hypersensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>The experimental design of the study involved conducting behavioral, histological, and immunohistochemical studies in model rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-five Wistar rats (8 weeks old, all male) were used. The right ankle joints of 30 rats were immobilized by plaster cast for 8 weeks, and 5 rats were used as controls. The immobilized rats were divided randomly into the following 3 groups: (1) immobilization-only group (Im, n=10); (2) vibration therapy group 1, for which vibration therapy was initiated immediately after the onset of immobilization (Im+Vib1, n=10); and (3) vibration therapy group 2, for which vibration therapy was initiated 4 weeks after the onset of immobilization (Im+Vib2, n=10). Vibration was applied to the hind paw. The mechanical hypersensitivity and epidermal thickness of the hind paw skin were measured. To investigate central sensitization, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immobilization-induced hypersensitivity was inhibited in the Im+Vib1 group but not in the Im+Vib2 group. Central sensitization, which was indicated by increases in CGRP expression in the spinal cord and the size of the area of CGRP-positive neurons in the DRG, was inhibited in only the Im+Vib1 group. Epidermal thickness was not affected by vibration stimulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title><jats:p>A limitation of this study is that the results were limited to an animal model and cannot be generalized to humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data suggest that initiation of vibration therapy in the early phase of immobilization may inhibit the development of immobilization-induced hypersensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20140137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,6]],"date-time":"2015-02-06T06:42:34Z","timestamp":1423204954000},"page":"1015-1026","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of Vibration Therapy on Immobilization-Induced Hypersensitivity in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Yohei","family":"Hamaue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Y. Hamaue, PT, MSc, Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan, and Department of Rehabilitation, Juzenkai Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiro","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Nakano, PT, PhD, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8520, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Sekino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Y. Sekino, PT, PhD, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Chuganji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S. Chuganji, PT, MSc, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Sakamoto, PT, PhD, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiro","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"T. Yoshimura, MD, PhD, Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Okita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M. 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