{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T07:02:40Z","timestamp":1771657360646,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["cytojournal.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytojournal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A few studies are dealing with the role of fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing osteoarticular tuberculosis (TB). The present study was undertaken to study the cytomorphological features of six cases of osteoarticular TB throughout 1 year, diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology. The Papanicolaou, Giemsa, Ziehl\u2013Neelsen, and periodic acid\u2013Schiff stains were used in each case. The sampled material was also cultured in Lowenstein\u2013 Jensen media for <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic> species and polymerase chain reaction assay for <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>. Histopathological findings were correlated whenever available. There were four male and two female patients. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 53 years, with a mean age of 37 years. Most cases involved small bones (4\/6) and long bones of upper and lower limbs (2\/6). Radiologically, the suspected lesions presented as osteolytic lesions, fractures, and joint destruction. The smears showed epithelioid cell granulomas in 5 out of 6 cases (83.3%), multinucleate and Langhans\u2019 giant cells in 3 out of 6 cases (50%), and only necrosis in 1 case (16.7%). Inflammatory cells were seen in the background in 5 out of 6 cases (83.3%). AFB was positive in 3 cases (50%). Culture in L\u00f6wenstein\u2013Jensen media, done in three cases, showed growth of <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>. PCR showed positivity for <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> in all six cases. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is an easy procedure that can be used for the diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis. Cytomorphologically, smears show epithelioid cell granulomas, multinucleated and Langhan\u2019s\u2019 giant cells, and necrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.25259\/cytojournal_22_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T07:13:58Z","timestamp":1646378038000},"page":"11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Osteoarticular tuberculosis: A series of six cases diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Biswajit","family":"Dey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jitendra Singh","family":"Nigam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telanagana, India,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyotsna Naresh","family":"Bharti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncopathology, Malabar Cancer Centre, Moozhikkara, Kannur, Kerala, India,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/Cytojournal_22_2021\/ref-1","first-page":"11","article-title":"India TB Report 2020. 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