{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T04:09:35Z","timestamp":1741925375768,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijdvl.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJDVL"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which recognises diverse molecular patterns on immune cells, has been implicated in several autoimmune diseases, including vitiligo.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study will investigate the potential association between the TLR9 gene polymorphism rs187084 and clinical features in Egyptian vitiligo patients, employing the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for TLR9 genotyping.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 30 vitiligo patients and 20 healthy controls using a DNA isolation kit. TLR9 rs187084 gene polymorphisms were assessed using PCR-RFLP techniques. Genotype distributions and allele frequencies were compared between vitiligo patients and controls. Additionally, the associations between TLR9 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and clinical features including demographic characteristics, family history, disease onset, activity, duration, and hair involvement in vitiligo patients were statistically analysed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The CC genotype of rs187084, which is considered protective, was found to be more prevalent in the control group compared to the vitiligo group. However, no significant associations were identified between TLR9 SNP genotypes and demographic or clinical parameters, including family history, disease onset, activity, duration, and hair involvement (leukotrichia) in vitiligo patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Limitation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The limitations of this study include a small sample size and the methodological constraints of PCR-RFLP, necessitating further research to confirm our findings and elucidate underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The significant difference in the distribution of the TLR9 rs187084 polymorphism between vitiligo patients and controls highlights the potential role of innate immunity in the susceptibility to vitiligo. Despite the absence of significant associations with clinical parameters in this study, these findings underscore the importance of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijdvl_1041_2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T05:22:55Z","timestamp":1741843375000},"page":"1-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigating the link between toll-like receptor 9 gene variants and vitiligo susceptibility - A cross-sectional comparative study"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"Rasha Turky Abdel-Razek","family":"Abdel-Aziz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Andrology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Safaa Said","family":"Hammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shimaa Shehata","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Andrology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04514.x","article-title":"TLR2 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms in Turkish vitiligo patients","volume":"27","author":"Karaca","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.06.004","article-title":"The Genetic Basis of Vitiligo","volume":"141","author":"Spritz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2015.00278","article-title":"Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor genes are associated with vitiligo","volume":"6","author":"Traks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s43141-021-00218-y","article-title":"TLR4 gene polymorphisms in Egyptian vitiligo patients: Insights into emerging association with clinical activity, family history, and response to therapy","volume":"19","author":"Abdelsalam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Genet Eng Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.04.045","article-title":"Deleterious effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in vitiligo patients","volume":"28","author":"Basher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12848","article-title":"The genetic architecture of vitiligo","volume":"33","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-7","volume-title":"the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. In the recent topics in genetic polymorphisms","author":"Huraib","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2013.10.010","article-title":"Innate immune mechanisms in vitiligo: danger from within","volume":"25","author":"Richmond","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437246","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/437246","article-title":"Toll-like receptors: Role in dermatological disease","volume":"2010","author":"Hari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergencyto.2008.12.011","article-title":"The association between Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer in Korean men","volume":"190","author":"Song","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0220330","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220330","article-title":"Association of TLR4 and TLR9 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with cervicitis susceptibility","volume":"14","author":"Chauhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613056","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.613056","article-title":"Targeting innate immunity to combat cutaneous stress: The vitiligo perspective","volume":"12","author":"Boniface","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492092","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1492092","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of toll-like receptors 2 and 9 as susceptibility factors for the development of ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"2019","author":"Oliveira-Tor\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12307","article-title":"A single-nucleotide polymorphism-based approach for rapid and cost-effective genetic wolf monitoring in Europe based on noninvasively collected samples","volume":"15","author":"Kraus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.4.407","article-title":"Association of the K\u00f6bner phenomenon with disease activity and therapeutic responsiveness in vitiligo vulgaris","volume":"135","author":"Njoo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2007.00666_1.x","article-title":"Vitiligo pathogenesis: Autoimmune disease, genetic defect, excessive reactive oxygen species, calcium imbalance, or what else?","volume":"17","author":"Schallreuter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00578","article-title":"Increased toll-like receptors activity and TLR ligands in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases","volume":"7","author":"Peng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672346","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.672346","article-title":"Toll-like receptors gene polymorphisms in autoimmune disease","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.15789\/1563-0625-AOS-2807","article-title":"Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 with atopic dermatitis","volume":"25","author":"Svitich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Immunol. (Russia)"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14374","article-title":"Increased expression of Toll-like receptor 7 and 9 in vitiligo melanocytes: A pilot study","volume":"46","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.12429","article-title":"Association of Nod-like receptor protein-1 (rs2670660) and Toll-like receptor-4 (rs4986790) with non-segmental vitiligo: A case-control study in South Indian population","volume":"46","author":"Rajendiran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Immunogenet"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/investigating-the-link-between-toll-like-receptor-9-gene-variants-and-vitiligo-susceptibility-a-cross-sectional-comparative-study\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/investigating-the-link-between-toll-like-receptor-9-gene-variants-and-vitiligo-susceptibility-a-cross-sectional-comparative-study\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T05:22:59Z","timestamp":1741843379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/investigating-the-link-between-toll-like-receptor-9-gene-variants-and-vitiligo-susceptibility-a-cross-sectional-comparative-study\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/IJDVL_1041_2024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/ijdvl_1041_2024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-3922","0378-6323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-3922","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0378-6323","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"article-number":"1"}}