{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T11:02:16Z","timestamp":1761562936390},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijdvl.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJDVL"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cutaneous mucormycosis has shown a significant upsurge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the rapid progression and high mortality of cutaneous mucormycosis in this context, it is important to identify it early. However, very few studies report detailed clinical descriptions of cutaneous mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To describe mucocutaneous lesions of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis based on clinical morphology and attempt to correlate them with radiological changes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care centre from 1<jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup> April to 31<jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup> July 2021. Eligibility criteria included hospitalised adult patients of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis with mucocutaneous lesions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All subjects were recently recovering COVID-19 patients diagnosed with cutaneous mucormycosis. One of fifty-three (2%) patients had primary cutaneous mucormycosis, and all of the rest had secondary cutaneous mucormycosis. Secondary cutaneous mucormycosis lesions presented as cutaneous-abscess in 25\/52 (48%), nodulo-pustular lesions in 1\/52 (2%), necrotic eschar in 1\/52 (2%) and ulcero-necrotic in 1\/52 (2%). Mucosal lesions were of three broad sub-types: ulcero-necrotic in 1\/52 (2%), pustular in 2\/52 (4%) and plaques in 1\/52 (2%). Twenty out of fifty-two patients (38%) presented with simultaneous mucosal and cutaneous lesions belonging to the above categories. Magnetic resonance imaging of the face showed variable features of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue involvement, viz. peripherally enhancing collection in the abscess group, \u201cdot in circle sign\u201d and heterogeneous contrast enhancement in the nodulo-pustular group; and fat stranding with infiltration of subcutaneous tissue in cases with necrotic eschar and ulcero-necrotic lesions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st5\">\n<jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The morphological variety of cutaneous mucormycosis patients in a single-centre study like ours might not be very precise. Thus, there is a need to conduct multi-centric prospective studies with larger sample sizes in the future to substantiate our morphological and radiological findings.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st6\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>COVID-19-associated mucormycosis patients in our study presented with a few specific types of mucocutaneous manifestations, with distinct magnetic resonance imaging findings. If corroborated by larger studies, these observations would be helpful in the early diagnosis of this serious illness.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijdvl_277_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T08:13:01Z","timestamp":1671005581000},"page":"510-523","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mucocutaneous manifestations of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: A retrospective cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Sonal","family":"Sachan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swastika","family":"Suvirya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 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