{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T16:27:19Z","timestamp":1788107239494,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijdvl.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJDVL"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterised by recurrent eczema-like lesions and severe pruritus, along with drying and decrustation of skin. Current research relates the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis mainly to genetic susceptibility, abnormal skin barrier function, immune disorders, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> colonisation, microbiological dysfunction and vitamin D insufficiency. Epigenetic modifications are distinct genetic phenotypes resulting from environment-driven changes in chromosome functions in the absence of nuclear DNA sequence variation. Classic epigenetic events include DNA methylation, histone protein modifications and non-coding RNA regulation. Increasing evidence has indicated that epigenetic events are involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by their effects on multiple signalling pathways which in turn influence the above factors. This review primarily analyses the function of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. In addition, it tries to make recommendations for personalised epigenetic treatment strategies for atopic dermatitis in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijdvl_298_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T04:23:41Z","timestamp":1680063821000},"page":"700-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Critical role of epigenetic modification in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Chunli","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinrong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianyun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(15)00149-x","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"387","author":"Weidinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0001-z","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"4","author":"Weidinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2019.05.007","article-title":"Long-term Western diet intake leads to dysregulated bile acid signaling and dermatitis with Th2 and Th17 pathway features in mice","volume":"95","author":"Jena","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2017.3165","article-title":"A short period of breastfeeding in infancy, excessive house cleaning, absence of older sibling, and passive smoking are related to more severe atopic dermatitis in children","volume":"28","author":"Fotopoulou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18778","article-title":"What is the evidence for interactions between filaggrin null mutations and environmental exposures in the aetiology of atopic dermatitis? A systematic review","volume":"183","author":"Blakeway","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0187453","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187453","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis is associated with active and passive cigarette smoking in adolescents","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7020922","article-title":"The interaction between epigenetics, nutrition and the development of cancer","volume":"7","author":"Bishop","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2016-0162","article-title":"Epigenetics and allergy: From basic mechanisms to clinical applications","volume":"9","author":"Potaczek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12903","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis: Interaction between genetic variants of GSTP1, TNF, TLR2, and TLR4 and air pollution in early life","volume":"29","author":"H\u00fcls","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-016-2696-z","article-title":"MicroRNA-143 inhibits IL-13-induced dysregulation of the epidermal barrier-related proteins in skin keratinocytes via targeting to IL-13Ralpha1","volume":"416","author":"Zeng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05918","article-title":"Stability and flexibility of epigenetic gene regulation in mammalian development","volume":"447","author":"Reik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08683","article-title":"DNMT1 maintains progenitor function in self-renewing somatic tissue","volume":"463","author":"Sen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.06.020","article-title":"Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b associate with enhancers to regulate human epidermal stem cell homeostasis","volume":"19","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21697","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.21697","article-title":"Loss of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b does not affect epidermal homeostasis but promotes squamous transformation through PPAR-\u03b3","volume":"6","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201506065","article-title":"Cbx4 maintains the epithelial lineage identity and cell proliferation in the developing stratified epithelium","volume":"212","author":"Mardaryev","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2011.07.013","article-title":"Regulation of human epidermal stem cell proliferation and senescence requires polycomb-dependent and -independent functions of Cbx4","volume":"9","author":"Luis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11316","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11316","article-title":"Structural basis of oncogenic histone H3K27M inhibition of human polycomb repressive complex 2","volume":"7","author":"Justin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.12.043","article-title":"Ezh2 orchestrates gene expression for the stepwise differentiation of tissue-specific stem cells","volume":"136","author":"Ezhkova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-0920-x","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of skin: Focus on the Polycomb complex. Cellular and molecular life sciences","volume":"69","author":"Perdigoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"CMLS"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2019.03.005","article-title":"Polycomb\/trithorax antagonism: Cellular memory in stem cell fate and function","volume":"24","author":"Brand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002829","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002829","article-title":"GRHL3\/GET1 and trithorax group members collaborate to activate the epidermal progenitor differentiation program","volume":"8","author":"Hopkin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700684","article-title":"Inhibition of histone deacetylation promotes abnormal epidermal differentiation and specifically suppresses the expression of the late differentiation marker profilaggrin","volume":"127","author":"Markova","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0625.2002.110503.x","article-title":"Evidence for local control of gene expression in the epidermal differentiation complex","volume":"11","author":"Elder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2014.2452","article-title":"Calcium\u2014A central regulator of keratinocyte differentiation in health and disease","volume":"24","author":"Elsholz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12764","article-title":"Transcriptional control of late differentiation in human keratinocytes by TAp63 and Notch","volume":"24","author":"Koh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-26","first-page":"124","article-title":"Protein kinase C-dependent upregulation of miR-203 induces the differentiation of human keratinocytes","volume":"130","author":"Sonkoly","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2015.366","article-title":"Galectin-7 regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation through JNK-miR-203-p63 signaling","volume":"136","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.268","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of microRNA expression during human keratinocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"131","author":"Hildebrand","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E10-11-0879","article-title":"A decisive function of transforming growth factor-\u03b2\/Smad signaling in tissue morphogenesis and differentiation of human HaCaT keratinocytes","volume":"22","author":"Buschke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13119","article-title":"MicroRNA-23b-3p regulates human keratinocyte differentiation through repression of TGIF1 and activation of the TGF-\u00df-SMAD2 signalling pathway","volume":"26","author":"Barbollat-Boutrand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6854","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29579","article-title":"microRNA-184 is induced by store-operated calcium entry and regulates early keratinocyte differentiation","volume":"235","author":"Richardson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.10.030 10.13039\/501100003977","article-title":"microRNA-184 induces a commitment switch to epidermal differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Nagosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.438","article-title":"Transcriptional repression of miR-34 family contributes to p63-mediated cell cycle progression in epidermal cells","volume":"130","author":"Antonini","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.2886","article-title":"Differential microRNA expression profile comparison between epidermal stem cells and differentiated keratinocytes","volume":"11","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.9110","article-title":"miR-339-5p negatively regulates loureirin A-induced hair follicle stem cell differentiation by targeting DLX5","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2016.10.019","article-title":"Down-regulation of microRNA-146a is associated with high-risk human papillomavirus infection and epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression in penile squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"61","author":"Peta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3174","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.516","article-title":"H19 lncRNA regulates keratinocyte differentiation by targeting miR-130b-3p","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201404001","article-title":"MicroRNA-214 controls skin and hair follicle development by modulating the activity of the Wnt pathway","volume":"207","author":"Ahmed","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12543","article-title":"Oleic acid enhances keratinocytes differentiation via the upregulation of miR-203 in human epidermal keratinocytes","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2013.01.009","article-title":"Differentially regulated microRNAs during human sebaceous lipogenesis","volume":"70","author":"Schneider","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/15476286.2017.1409931","article-title":"Circular RNAs are abundantly expressed and upregulated during human epidermal stem cell differentiation","volume":"15","author":"Kristensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"RNA Biol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13120","article-title":"The IL-13-OVOL1-FLG axis in atopic dermatitis","volume":"158","author":"Furue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.347","article-title":"A common variant on chromosome 11q13 is associated with atopic dermatitis","volume":"41","author":"Esparza-Gordillo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Genetics"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e420","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12000","article-title":"DNA methylation of the filaggrin gene adds to the risk of eczema associated with loss-of-function variants","volume":"27","author":"Ziyab","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.04.027","article-title":"Blocking histone deacetylase activity as a novel target for epithelial barrier defects in patients with allergic rhinitis","volume":"144","author":"Steelant","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.05.045","article-title":"MiR-155 is overexpressed in patients with atopic dermatitis and modulates T-cell proliferative responses by targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4","volume":"126","author":"Sonkoly","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13179","article-title":"Lower vitamin D levels in the breast milk is associated with atopic dermatitis in early infancy","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.02.007","article-title":"Belinostat resolves skin barrier defects in atopic dermatitis by targeting the dysregulated miR-335:SOX6 axis","volume":"146","author":"Liew","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.13691","article-title":"Identification and interaction analysis of key genes and microRNAs in atopic dermatitis by bioinformatics analysis","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5966","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15208","article-title":"MicroRNAs in atopic dermatitis: A systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1159\/000443961","article-title":"In utero programming of allergic susceptibility","volume":"169","author":"Grieger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2020.1814504","article-title":"Maternal atopy and offspring epigenome-wide methylation signature","volume":"16","author":"Danielewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96535","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096535","article-title":"Itm2a, a target gene of GATA-3, plays a minimal role in regulating the development and function of T cells","volume":"9","author":"Tai","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaal2434","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aal2434","article-title":"The intracellular pyrimidine 5\u2019-nucleotidase NT5C3A is a negative epigenetic factor in interferon and cytokine signaling","volume":"11","author":"Al-Haj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science Signal"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02767.x","article-title":"Cord blood Tregs with stable FOXP3 expression are influenced by prenatal environment and associated with atopic dermatitis at the age of one year","volume":"67","author":"Hinz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1080\/19768354.2018.1458652","article-title":"Promoter DNA methylation contributes to human beta-defensin-1 deficiency in atopic dermatitis","volume":"22","author":"Noh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animal Cells Syst"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12450","article-title":"A polymorphism in the TH 2 locus control region is associated with changes in DNA methylation and gene expression","volume":"69","author":"Schieck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12394","article-title":"A common atopy-associated variant in the Th2 cytokine locus control region impacts transcriptional regulation and alters SMAD3 and SP1 binding","volume":"69","author":"Kretschmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.06.011","article-title":"Thymic stromal lymphopoietin epigenetically upregulates Fc receptor gamma subunit-related receptors on antigen-presenting cells and induces TH2\/TH17 polarization through dectin-2","volume":"144","author":"Liang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3603","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.8.3603","article-title":"Differentiation of the T helper phenotypes by analysis of the methylation state of the IFN-gamma gene","volume":"153","author":"Young","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315257","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1315257","article-title":"Epigenetic modifications in placenta are associated with the child\u2019s sensitization to allergens","volume":"2019","author":"Harb","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0311-z","article-title":"Retraction Note: DDX5 and its associated lncRNA Rmrp modulate TH17 cell effector functions","volume":"562","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.23736\/s0392-0488.17.05707-8","article-title":"Expression of miRNA 155, FOXP3 and ROR gamma, in children with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis","volume":"155","author":"Bergallo","year":"2017","journal-title":"G Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2016.0276","article-title":"DNA demethylation of the Foxp3 enhancer is maintained through modulation of ten-eleven-translocation and DNA methyltransferases","volume":"39","author":"Nair","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.117101","article-title":"Down-regulation of Tet2 is associated with Foxp3 TSDR hypermethylation in regulatory T cell of allergic rhinitis","volume":"241","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.07.012","article-title":"Methylation of DNA ligase 1 by G9a\/GLP recruits UHRF1 to replicating DNA and regulates DNA methylation","volume":"67","author":"Ferry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cell."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.07.031","article-title":"Recruitment of histone methyltransferase Ehmt1 to Foxp3 TSDR counteracts differentiation of induced regulatory T cells","volume":"431","author":"Karl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.07.052","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus density on lesional and nonlesional skin is strongly associated with disease severity in atopic dermatitis","volume":"137","author":"Tauber","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5294.1859","article-title":"Structure of staphylococcal alpha-hemolysin, a heptameric transmembrane pore","volume":"274","author":"Song","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.05.127","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus exploits epidermal barrier defects in atopic dermatitis to trigger cytokine expression","volume":"136","author":"Nakatsuji","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.10.015","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus: Master manipulator of the skin","volume":"22","author":"Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.10.042","article-title":"IL-31 regulates differentiation and filaggrin expression in human organotypic skin models","volume":"129","author":"Cornelissen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.09.002","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus membrane and diacylated lipopeptide induce thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes through the Toll-like receptor 2-Toll-like receptor 6 pathway","volume":"126","author":"Vu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.10.006","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus epicutaneous exposure drives skin inflammation via IL-36-mediated T cell responses","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.10.008","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus virulent PSMalpha peptides induce keratinocyte alarmin release to orchestrate IL-17-dependent skin inflammation","volume":"22","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1868-7083-6-12","article-title":"Epigenetic response in mice mastitis: Role of histone H3 acetylation and microRNA(s) in the regulation of host inflammatory gene expression during Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"6","author":"Modak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Epigenet"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219ra8","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3007828","article-title":"Human TH9 cells are skin-tropic and have autocrine and paracrine proinflammatory capacity","volume":"6","author":"Schlapbach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science Transl Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14052","article-title":"Commensal-dendritic-cell interaction specifies a unique protective skin immune signature","volume":"520","author":"Naik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15138","article-title":"Superantigens and adhesins of infant gut commensal Staphylococcus aureus strains and association with subsequent development of atopic eczema","volume":"176","author":"Nowrouzian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.021","article-title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii subspecies-level dysbiosis in the human gut microbiome underlying atopic dermatitis","volume":"137","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1080\/09637486.2017.1318116","article-title":"Supplemental feeding of a gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, alleviates spontaneous atopic dermatitis and modulates intestinal microbiota in NC\/nga mice","volume":"68","author":"Kaikiri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3346","article-title":"Mind-altering microorganisms: The impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour","volume":"13","author":"Cryan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.113.091165","article-title":"Microbiome-derived tryptophan metabolites and their aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent agonist and antagonist activities","volume":"85","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaal4651","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal4651","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strain diversity underlying pediatric atopic dermatitis","volume":"9","author":"Byrd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.01.030","article-title":"Microbiosis in pathogenesis and intervention of atopic dermatitis","volume":"69","author":"Dou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11060311","article-title":"A derivative of butyric acid, the fermentation metabolite of Staphylococcus epidermidis, inhibits the growth of a Staphylococcus aureus strain isolated from atopic dermatitis patients","volume":"11","author":"Traisaeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0659-3","article-title":"The microbiota programs DNA methylation to control intestinal homeostasis and inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Ansari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1643447","article-title":"Dose-response association between vitamin D deficiency and atopic dermatitis in children, and effect modification by gender: A case-control study.","volume":"32","author":"Ahmed Mohamed","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-89","first-page":"187","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)","volume":"11","author":"Burrell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Discov Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14838","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M809542200","article-title":"Placenta-specific methylation of the vitamin D 24-hydroxylase gene: Implications for feedback autoregulation of active vitamin D levels at the fetomaternal interface","volume":"284","author":"Novakovic","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.10.059","article-title":"A genome-wide methylation study of severe vitamin D deficiency in African American adolescents","volume":"162","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12726","article-title":"Phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, parallel-group study of a H4 R-antagonist (JNJ-39758979) in Japanese adults with moderate atopic dermatitis","volume":"42","author":"Murata","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.07.047","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the histamine H4 receptor antagonist ZPL-3893787 in patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"143","author":"Werfel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2018.64.3.17","article-title":"MicroRNA-223 is involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by affecting histamine-N-methyltransferase","volume":"64","author":"Jia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.02.020","article-title":"Mechanisms of IFN-gamma-induced apoptosis of human skin keratinocytes in patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"129","author":"Rebane","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-96","first-page":"10117","article-title":"IFN-gamma-induced microRNA-29b up-regulation contributes to keratinocyte apoptosis in atopic dermatitis through inhibiting Bcl2L2","volume":"10","author":"Gu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12932","article-title":"Specific allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of atopic eczema: A Cochrane systematic review","volume":"71","author":"Tam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0144810","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144810","article-title":"MicroRNA expression is altered in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model and targeting miR-155 with antagomirs reveals cellular specificity","volume":"10","author":"Plank","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-11-29","article-title":"Altered expression of microRNA in the airway wall in chronic asthma: MiR-126 as a potential therapeutic target","volume":"11","author":"Collison","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021\/ref-100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/aci.0000000000000598","article-title":"The role of epigenetics in allergy and asthma development","volume":"20","author":"Alashkar Alhamwe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/critical-role-of-epigenetic-modification-in-the-pathogenesis-of-atopic-dermatitis\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/critical-role-of-epigenetic-modification-in-the-pathogenesis-of-atopic-dermatitis\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T04:33:42Z","timestamp":1693197222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/critical-role-of-epigenetic-modification-in-the-pathogenesis-of-atopic-dermatitis\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"references-count":100,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/IJDVL_298_2021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/ijdvl_298_2021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-3922","0378-6323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-3922","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0378-6323","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"article-number":"700"}}