{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T08:18:13Z","timestamp":1772612293391,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijdvl.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJDVL"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data on outcomes of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) patients is scarce.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This single-centre survey-based-observational study included patients registered in the AIBD clinic of the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. All registered patients were contacted over telephone between June and October 2021. A survey was conducted after obtaining informed consent.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among 1389 registered patients, 409 completed the survey. Two hundred and twenty-two (55.3%) patients were females and 187 (45.7%) were males. The mean age was 48.52 \u00b1 14.98 years. Active disease was reported by 34% patients. The frequency of COVID-19 infection in responders was 12.2% (50\/409), with a case-fatality ratio of 18% (9\/50). Rituximab infusion after the onset of pandemic significantly increased the risk of COVID-19 infection. Active AIBD and concomitant comorbidities were significantly associated with COVID-19 related death.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Limitation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Relative risk of COVID-19 infection and complications among AIBD patients could not be estimated due to lack of control group. The incidence of COVID-19 in AIBD could not be determined due to lack of denominator (source population) data. Other limitations include telephonic nature of the survey and lack of COVID-19 strain identification.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st5\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Use of rituximab is associated with higher probability of COVID-19 infection, while advanced age, active disease and presence of comorbidities may increase the risk of COVID-19 mortality in AIBD patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijdvl_551_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T10:09:29Z","timestamp":1683540569000},"page":"862-866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune bullous diseases"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Dipankar","family":"De","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Venereology & Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical 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India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Venereology & Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_551_2022\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2022.10","article-title":"COVID-19: autoimmunity, multisystemic inflammation and autoimmune rheumatic patients","volume":"24","author":"Szekanecz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_551_2022\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16752","article-title":"Updated S2K guidelines on the management of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus initiated by the european academy of dermatology and venereology 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