{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:14:46Z","timestamp":1790111686083,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijdvl.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJDVL"],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Vitiligo places a significant psycho-social burden on caregivers and family members.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n The aim of the study was to develop and preliminarily validate a scale to measure the psychosocial impact of vitiligo on adult family members.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Themes that emerged from qualitative interviews and a focus group discussion with family members were used to generate items for a preliminary scale, followed by pre-testing and scale development. The new scale was then tested with two comparator scales and a global question.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n A preliminary scale with 32 items was pilot tested on 30 participants. Following this, the scale was condensed to 16 items in 12 domains that were administered to 159 participants. Scale scores ranged from 0 to 48 with a mean of 19.75 \u00b1 12.41. The scale had excellent internal consistency with Cronbach\u2019s alpha coefficient of 0.92 (0.70\u20130.95) and also showed good test-retest reliability at two weeks (r = 0.946). The scale showed criterion, convergent and known group validity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Limitations:<\/jats:title>\n It was conducted in a large teaching hospital which may have resulted in selection of patients with persistent or progressive disease and more worried family members. Vitiligo is highly stigmatized in our country and the performance of the scale may need to be evaluated in other communities and cultures as well where stigma is less oppressive.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Family Vitiligo Impact Scale appears to be an easy-to-complete, reliable and valid instrument to measure the psychosocial impact of vitiligo in family members of patients. It may be useful as an outcome measure in both clinical and research settings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijdvl_928_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T07:50:17Z","timestamp":1627545017000},"page":"32-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Family vitiligo impact scale: A scale to measure the quality-of-life of family members of patients with vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Satapathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Sreenivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. K.","family":"Khaitan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ramam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061","article-title":"Vitiligo: A comprehensive overview Part I. Introduction epidemiology, quality of life, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, associations, histopathology, etiology, and work-up","volume":"65","author":"Alikhan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.5.651","article-title":"Childhood vitiligo and tacrolimus: Immunomodulating treatment for an autoimmune disease","volume":"139","author":"Plettenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"YC01","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2014\/8248.4508","article-title":"Dermatology specific quality of life in vitiligo patients and its relation with various variables: A hospital based cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Mishra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000209234","article-title":"The psoriasis family index: Preliminary results of validation of a quality of life instrument for family members of patients with psoriasis","volume":"219","author":"Eghlileb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13872","article-title":"FamilyPso-a new questionnaire to assess the impact of psoriasis on partners and family of patients","volume":"31","author":"Mrowietz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-5433-8","article-title":"The quality of life of parents of children with atopic dermatitis: Interpretation of PIQoL-AD scores","volume":"14","author":"Meads","year":"2005","journal-title":"Quality of Life Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02034.x","article-title":"The family impact of childhood atopic dermatitis: The Dermatitis Family Impact Questionnaire","volume":"138","author":"Lawson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.01.048","article-title":"Alopecia areata is associated with impaired health-related quality of life: A survey of affected adults and children and their families","volume":"79","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-8-28","article-title":"Family burden in inherited ichthyosis: Creation of a specific questionnaire","volume":"8","author":"Dufresne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14072","article-title":"Development and validation of an epidermolysis bullosa family\/parental burden score","volume":"173","author":"Dufresne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.01.038","article-title":"Development and validation of a vitiligo-specific quality-of-life instrument (VitiQoL)","volume":"69","author":"Lilly","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13093","article-title":"Measurement properties of the Vitiligo Impact Scale-22 (VIS-22), a vitiligo-specific quality-of-life instrument","volume":"171","author":"Gupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2017.08.001","article-title":"A hands-on guide to doing content analysis","volume":"7","author":"Erlingsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Afr J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07617.x","article-title":"The Family Dermatology Life Quality Index: Measuring the secondary impact of skin disease","volume":"156","author":"Basra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2009.02965.x","article-title":"Family strain questionnaire-short form for nurses and general practitioners","volume":"19","author":"Vidotto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7080.572","article-title":"Cronbach's alpha","volume":"314","author":"Bland","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-17","volume-title":"Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics","author":"Hosmer","year":"2000","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-013-0037-5","article-title":"Quality of life in family members of vitiligo patients: A questionnaire study in Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Bin Saif","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1940","article-title":"Hidden victims of childhood vitiligo: Impact on parents' mental health and quality of life","volume":"95","author":"Amer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpd.IJPD_136_16","article-title":"Effect of occurrence of vitiligo in children over quality of life of their families: A hospital-based study using family dermatology life quality index","volume":"19","author":"Gahalaut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Paediatr Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/family-vitiligo-impact-scale-a-scale-to-measure-the-quality-of-life-of-family-members-of-patients-with-vitiligo\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/family-vitiligo-impact-scale-a-scale-to-measure-the-quality-of-life-of-family-members-of-patients-with-vitiligo\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T07:57:45Z","timestamp":1679299065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/family-vitiligo-impact-scale-a-scale-to-measure-the-quality-of-life-of-family-members-of-patients-with-vitiligo\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/IJDVL_928_20"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/ijdvl_928_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-3922","0378-6323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-3922","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0378-6323","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"article-number":"32"}}