{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T02:42:54Z","timestamp":1790044974198,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijdvl.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJDVL"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Increasing rates of macrolide and fluroquinolone resistance in\n Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n (MG) are being reported worldwide with resultant treatment failure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n We aimed to determine the level of antibiotic resistance of MG in men who have sex with men (MSM) attending a sexually transmitted infections (STIs) clinic in New Delhi, India.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting\n MgPa<\/jats:italic>\n and\n pdhD<\/jats:italic>\n genes were performed to detect MG rectal, urogenital or oropharyngeal infections in 180 MSM between January 2022 and June 2023. Macrolide resistance\u2013associated mutations (MRM) and quinolone resistance\u2013associated mutations (QRM) were detected by specific amplification of domain V of\n 23SrRNA<\/jats:italic>\n gene and appropriate regions of p\n arC<\/jats:italic>\n and\n gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n genes respectively followed by sequencing. PCR-based screening for\n Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n (CT) infection was also performed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 13 (7.2%) MSM were positive for MG infection. The most common site of infection was anorectum (8\/13; 61.5%) followed by the urethra (5\/13; 38.5%). None of the patients had infection at both the sites, and no oropharyngeal MG infection was detected. CT infection was detected in 37 (20.6%) MSM. Of the 13 MG-infected MSM, 6 (46.2%) were co-infected with CT. MRM and QRM were found in five (46.2%) and two (15.4%) strains, respectively. Both Quinolone resistance mutation (QRM)-harbouring strains also harboured MRM. All the five MG isolates carried the MRM A2071G. Both the QRM isolates co-harboured the\n parC<\/jats:italic>\n and\n gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n single-nucleotide polymorphisms. There was no correlation between the presence of antibiotic resistance and co-infection with CT (P = 0.52).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Limitation<\/jats:title>\n Because all patients in the study were MSM, the high rate of resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones could not be extrapolated for non-MSM patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n This is a report of an initial survey of antibiotic resistance to MG in a country where its diagnosis and treatment are not routinely available. We found a high prevalence of MG-carrying MRM, QRM and dual-class resistance in MSM in the absence of antibiotic exposure. This study mandates the need for both screening and detection of antimicrobial resistance against MG.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijdvl_933_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T04:16:12Z","timestamp":1716783372000},"page":"632-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance associated mutations in\n Mycoplasma genitalium<\/i>\n in men who have sex with men attending STI clinic: A pilot study from India"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Debasish","family":"Biswal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somesh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neena","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benu","family":"Dhawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_933_2023\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30154-7","article-title":"Prevalence of mutations associated with resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones in Mycoplasma genitalium: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Machalek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/IJDVL_933_2023\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_494_18","article-title":"High prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men who have sex with men: A cross-sectional study","volume":"86","author":"Dhawan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol 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