{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T13:16:51Z","timestamp":1775654211981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijmr.org.in"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian J Med Res"],"abstract":"\n Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Uric acid is associated with many systemic diseases. Recent evidence demonstrated that high serum uric acid levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) could lead to a poor prognosis of\n in-vitro<\/jats:italic>\n fertilisation. The objective of this study was to explore the association between serum uric acid levels and reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We included 682 patients with PCOS who underwent IUI treatment between 2015 and 2024. They were stratified into three groups according to the level of serum uric acid: normal (251-360 \u00b5mol\/L), low (\u2264250 \u00b5mol\/L), and high (>360 \u00b5mol\/L). Pregnancy and obstetric outcomes of patients were evaluated and linked to serum uric acid levels. The primary outcome measures of this study were the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate. Secondary outcome measures included the rates of biochemical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, and low birth weight.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n There was no significant difference between the three groups with respect to clinical pregnancy rate (23.3%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 26.2%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 30.4%) and live birth rate (86.2%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 81.5%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 93.6%). Biochemical pregnancy rate (25.1%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 28.2%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 35.3%), ectopic pregnancy rate (3.5%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 1.9%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 3.2%), miscarriage rate (10.4%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 16.7%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 3.2%), and low-birth-weight rate (14.6%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 12.5%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 19.4%) were comparable among the three groups.In terms of birth weight, the three study groups showed comparable values (3122.8\u00b181.10\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 3095.6\u00b168.96\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . 3099.5\u00b1162.09 g), and no significant difference was observed. These results remained the same after adjusting for baseline clinical characteristics and in-hospital treatment.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our findings demonstrated that maternal pre-pregnancy serum uric acid level was not significantly related to pregnancy and obstetric outcomes following IUI treatment in women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijmr_1973_2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T19:55:37Z","timestamp":1775418937000},"page":"406-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum uric acid and its association with intrauterine insemination outcomes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haochen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronghao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yehao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2011.08.002","article-title":"Uric acid: A danger signal from the RNA world that may have a role in the epidemic of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiorenal disease: Evolutionary considerations","volume":"31","author":"Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356859","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1356859","article-title":"The positive association between hyperuricemia and polycystic ovary syndrome and analysis of related factors","volume":"15","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-016-0582-x","article-title":"Visceral adiposity index levels in overweight and\/or obese, and non-obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relationship with metabolic and inflammatory parameters","volume":"40","author":"Durmus","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0419-x","article-title":"Association between the prevalence of hyperuricemia and reproductive hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Mu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2610586","DOI":"10.1080\/14647273.2025.2610586","article-title":"Serum uric acid is associated with ovarian reserve and neonatal outcomes in women undergoing IVF\/ICSI: observational and genetic evidence","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hum Fertil (Camb)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2017.12.009","article-title":"Hyperuricemia, acute and chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: Report of a scientific workshop organized by the National Kidney Foundation","volume":"71","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750818","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.750818","article-title":"U-Shaped association between serum uric acid and short-term mortality in patients with infective endocarditis","volume":"12","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-015-9561-9","article-title":"Prognostic significance of uric acid levels in ischemic stroke patients","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurotox Res."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1080\/03009734.2020.1719245","article-title":"U-shaped association between serum uric acid concentration and mortality in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients","volume":"125","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ups J Med Sci."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29161","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29161","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of the effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on female fertility: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"95","author":"Ba","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.11.1287","article-title":"Elevated serum uric acid level is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"228","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"deac107.334","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deac107.334","article-title":"Association between high serum uric acid level and adverse reproductive outcomes in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Mu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22202","article-title":"Hypoxanthine secretion from human adipose tissue and its increase in hypoxia","volume":"26","author":"Nagao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s12199-015-0473-3","article-title":"The relationship between body mass index and uric acid: A study on Japanese adult twins","volume":"20","author":"Tanaka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Health Prev Med."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-153","article-title":"Metabolic profiles characterizing different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome: Plasma metabolomics analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00055","article-title":"The associations between gonadal hormones and serum uric acid levels in men and postmenopausal women with diabetes","volume":"11","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.0850198","article-title":"The relationship of sex steroids to uric acid levels in plasma and urine","volume":"85","author":"Adamopoulos","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1080\/15257770.2010.494651","article-title":"The effect of testosterone upon the urate reabsorptive transport system in mouse kidney","volume":"29","author":"Hosoyamada","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-825923","article-title":"Effect of testosterone on purine nucleotide metabolism in rat liver","volume":"36","author":"Marinello","year":"2004","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(96)03797-5","article-title":"Effect of testosterone on purine metabolism and morphometric parameters in the rat liver","volume":"119","author":"Vizzotto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398600","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1398600","article-title":"Decoding connections in the European population: Serum uric acid, sex hormone-binding globulin, total testosterone, estradiol, and female infertility - advanced bidirectional and mediative Mendelian randomization","volume":"15","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310122","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1310122","article-title":"Serum uric acid did not affect embryonic and pregnancy outcomes in women without PCOS during IVF procedures","volume":"15","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000953","article-title":"Serum uric acid levels and hormone therapy type: A retrospective cohort study of postmenopausal women","volume":"25","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Menopause."}],"container-title":["The Indian Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/serum-uric-acid-and-its-association-with-intrauterine-insemination-outcomes-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/serum-uric-acid-and-its-association-with-intrauterine-insemination-outcomes-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T12:23:12Z","timestamp":1775650992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/serum-uric-acid-and-its-association-with-intrauterine-insemination-outcomes-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/IJMR_1973_2025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/ijmr_1973_2025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-5916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-5916","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]]},"article-number":"406"}}