{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:54:21Z","timestamp":1782917661570,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ijmr.org.in"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian J Med Res"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sickle cell disease is a major haemoglobin disorder, and foetal haemoglobin (HbF) remains the strongest modifier of disease severity. Hydroxyurea is the standard HbF-inducing drug, but many patients show limited response. Curcumin and resveratrol are natural polyphenols with low toxicity. This study evaluated their individual and combined effects on HbF induction in K562 cells and primary CD34\u207a cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>K562 cells were treated with curcumin, resveratrol, and hydroxyurea at increasing doses. Viability was measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, and IC\u2085\u2080 values (half maximal inhibitory concentration) were calculated. Drug combinations were tested in fixed ratios, and synergy was analysed using CompuSyn and SynergyFinder. CD34\u207a cells were isolated by MACS (magnetic-activated cell sorting) and differentiated for 14 days. Treatments began on day 3, and HbF levels were measured by ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Curcumin showed the lowest IC\u2085\u2080 (74.8\u201366.3 \u00b5M), followed by resveratrol (84.3\u201375.2 \u00b5M), and hydroxyurea (140\u2013131.9 \u00b5M) (\n                      <jats:italic>p&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05 for all comparisons). All compounds maintained over 70% viability at sub-IC\u2085\u2080 doses in both K562 and CD34\u207a cells. The strongest synergy was observed in the curcumin + resveratrol combination (Combination index (CI) 0.55\u00b10.03; Loewe score 39.7\u00b13.1), indicating a strong synergistic interaction despite model-specific differences. HbF induction followed the same trend and was consistent across experimental replicates. Curcumin raised HbF to 16.8% (1.9-fold), resveratrol to 12.5% (1.4-fold), and hydroxyurea to 21.2% (2.3-fold). Curcumin + resveratrol showed the highest induction at 24.92% (2.7-fold). In SCD CD34\u207a cells, the same combination produced 27.8% relative to untreated baseline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The strong synergy reflects the complementary action of antioxidant, epigenetic, and nitric-oxide\u2013linked pathways. Minimal HbF rise in normal CD34\u207a cells indicate disease-specific responsiveness. Curcumin and resveratrol together form a potent and safe strategy for enhancing HbF and may serve as an effective adjunct therapy for SCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijmr_3210_2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:09:24Z","timestamp":1782907764000},"page":"11-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of curcumin and resveratrol in the synergistic activation of foetal haemoglobin in sickle cell disease"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Robby","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Pt JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 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