{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:11:33Z","timestamp":1788541893817,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["indianjnephrol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian J Nephrol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Renal involvement in sarcoidosis is rare. We evaluated the pattern of renal involvement in sarcoidosis, its clinical course, renal histology, and response to treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed the data of all cases with sarcoidosis exhibiting renal involvement referred to our department between January 2010 and December 2021.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 33 patients (age: 50.6 \u00b1 12.6 years, males: 57.6%) were analyzed. Common presenting symptoms were weight loss (81.8%; n = 27), fever (75.8%; n = 25), and vomiting (63.6%; n = 21). A total of 14 (42.4%) patients had granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN), 13 (39.4%) had isolated hypercalcemia, and six (18.2%) had GIN along with hypercalcemia. Renal biopsy was performed in 20 (60.6%) patients, and all showed GIN, with concomitant glomerular disease in four (12.1%) patients. Mean serum creatinine and 24-h urine protein at presentation were 4.3 \u00b1 2.1 mg\/dL and 2.5 \u00b1 0.9 g\/day, respectively. All patients received oral prednisolone 1 mg\/kg\/day with subsequent tapering, concomitantly with azathioprine. Mycophenolate mofetil was used in three (9.1%) patients who developed azathioprine-induced hepatoxicity. After a median follow-up of 24 months (8\u2013120 months), mean serum creatinine and 24-h urine protein improved to 1.9 \u00b1 1.5 mg\/dL and 1.1 \u00b1 0.6 g\/day, respectively, (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005). On follow-up, two patients (6.1%) became dialysis-dependent, and three (9.1%) succumbed: one due to a cardiovascular event and two to sepsis and septic shock.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Granulomatous interstitial nephritis was the most common diagnosis in sarcoidosis patients with kidney failure. Early steroid treatment improves kidney function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijn_222_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T10:39:12Z","timestamp":1721990352000},"page":"589-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical, Biochemical, and Histological Manifestations and Long-Term Outcomes of Renal Sarcoidosis - A Single Center Study"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Harshita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narayan","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupama","family":"Kaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharmendra","family":"Bhaduria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manas","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manas","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Yaccha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi Shankar","family":"Kushawaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinita","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/ijn_222_23\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041081","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: Causes, diagnosis, clinical features, and treatments","volume":"9","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/ijn_222_23\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.07.022","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: The neph- rologist\u2019s perspective","volume":"48","author":"Berliner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/ijn_222_23\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-015-9826-3","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of angiotensin-converting enzyme in sarcoidosis: A population-based study","volume":"194","author":"Ungprasert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"10.25259\/ijn_222_23\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.897708","article-title":"Serum ACE level in sarcoidosis patients with typical and atypical HRCT manifestation","volume":"81","author":"Kahkouee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/ijn_222_23\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202002-0251ST","article-title":"Diagnosis and detection of sarcoidosis. 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