{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:01:56Z","timestamp":1791464516873,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["jpalliativecare.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJPC"],"abstract":"\nObjectives<\/jats:title>\nPatient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) has previously undergone validation with patients with various types of cancer, but psychometric validation of PHQ-9 Hindi among patients with cancer receiving palliative care services in northern regions of India is required. This study aimed at psychometric validation of a culturally adapted version of PHQ-9 Hindi for early screening of depression among cancer patients receiving palliative care services in a community setting.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMaterials and Methods<\/jats:title>\nA sample of adult patients (n<\/jats:italic> = 228) with cancer receiving palliative care services in a community setting participated in the research. A 50% subset of the sample was contacted for repeat assessment twice, each after a period of 3\u20134 weeks. For validation, a previously adapted version of PHQ-9 Hindi, along with a demographic sheet, was employed to collect data. In addition, we used the recently validated Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale to assess the validity of PHQ-9 within palliative care settings. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, followed by test-retest reliability, interclass correlation, construct validity and divergent validity examination.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nThe exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor solution consistent with the hypothesised model, yielding two sub-scales namely, physical and emotional concerns. The confirmatory factor indices within our sample were conclusive suggesting a relatively good fit between the hypothesised model and the observed data, thus confirming the cross-cultural validity of PHQ-9 Hindi. The physical sub-scale confirmed moderate internal consistency (\u03b1 = 0.5) while the emotional sub-scale presented high internal consistency (\u03b1 = 0.734). The associations between PHQ-9 Hindi with IPOS Hindi individual items were significant (P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion<\/jats:title>\nA psychometrically validated version of PHQ-9 Hindi has been presented to screen depression among patients with cancer in northern parts of India. Further research is required to adapt and check the validity of PHQ-9 in other regional languages among different populations across the country.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/ijpc_250_2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T05:27:37Z","timestamp":1745299657000},"page":"177-185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Psychometric Evaluation of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 Hindi for Use with Patients with Cancer in Community Palliative Care Settings"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Tushti","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Work, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar College (University of Delhi), New Delhi, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Dr. Bhim 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