{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T17:25:47Z","timestamp":1785345947402,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalimagingscience.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCIS"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between maxillary sinus volume and various sinonasal anatomical variants, as detected by multi-detector computed tomography, and their associations with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Material and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A case\u2013control study was conducted with 103 patients presenting with chronic sinonasal symptoms (cases) and 50 asymptomatic individuals (controls). A 128-slice computed tomography scanner was used to measure maxillary sinus volume and assess anatomical variants, such as a deviated nasal septum (DNS), concha bullosa (CB), and agger nasi cells. Exclusion criteria included previous sinonasal surgery, malignancy, craniofacial trauma, and lack of consent. Statistical analysis was performed using <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-tests for continuous variables and Chi-square tests for categorical data. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was utilized to determine a DNS angle cutoff for predicting CRS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Anatomical variants were significantly more frequent in cases than in controls. The left-sided DNS was predominant in cases, while the right-sided DNS was more common in controls. The mean DNS deviation angle was notably larger in cases (10.84\u00b0 \u00b1 7.87) than in controls (5.55\u00b0 \u00b1 5.02). Maxillary sinus volume was significantly smaller in cases (9.69 cc on the left side and 10.23 cc on the right side) compared to controls (18.57 cc and 18.46 cc, respectively), with female patients exhibiting smaller volumes than males. Agger nasi cells were detected in 51.5% of cases versus 8.0% of controls. A strong association was found between CB and contralateral DNS. The optimal DNS deviation angle cutoff for predicting CRS was identified as 12.7\u00b0.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study shows that CRS is linked to smaller maxillary sinus volumes, with males having larger sinus volumes than females. A DNS and larger deviation angles were associated with a higher risk of sinus inflammation, with angles over 12.7\u00b0 predicting the onset of the condition. The presence of CB and agger nasi cells also contributed to the development of CRS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/jcis_124_2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T05:09:35Z","timestamp":1731906575000},"page":"44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Volumetric analysis of maxillary sinus and assessment of various sinonasal anatomic variants on multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and their association with chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Aman","family":"Taneja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankur","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Chandak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swasti","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpit","family":"Taneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepti","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swarna","family":"Laxmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-1","first-page":"108","article-title":"The association of concha bullosa and deviated nasal septum with chronic rhinosinusitis in functional endoscopic sinus surgery patients","volume":"65","author":"Vincent","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-2","first-page":"244","article-title":"Multiparametric statistical correlations between paranasal sinus anatomic variations and chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"32","author":"Fadda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404982","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/404982","article-title":"The prevalence of concha bullosa and nasal septal deviation and their relationship to maxillary sinusitis by volumetric tomography","volume":"2010","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2500\/105065888781693078","article-title":"The functional endoscopic approach to inflammatory sinus disease: Current perspectives and technique modifications","volume":"2","author":"Kennedy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00183169","article-title":"Functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Concept, indications and results of the Messerklinger technique","volume":"247","author":"Stammberger","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e548","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1742325","article-title":"The relationship between an accessory maxillary ostium and variations in structures adjacent to the maxillary sinus without polyps","volume":"26","author":"Serindere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199101000-00010","article-title":"Paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities: CT analysis for endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"101","author":"Bolger","year":"1991","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-8","first-page":"1613","article-title":"The incidence of concha bullosa and its relationship to nasal septal deviation and paranasal sinus disease","volume":"25","author":"Stallman","year":"2004","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.4236\/ijohns.2013.24028","article-title":"Tomographic evaluation of structural variations of the nasal cavity in various nasal pathologies","volume":"2","author":"Biswas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6815-12-15","article-title":"An epidemiological study factors associated with nasal septum deviation by computed tomography scan: A cross sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Mohebbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2006.054767","article-title":"Acute rhinosinusitis in adults: An update on current management","volume":"83","author":"Masood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-12","first-page":"291","article-title":"Concha bullosa, nasal septal deviation and paranasal sinusitis; a computed tomographic evaluation","volume":"10","author":"Javadrashid","year":"2014","journal-title":"B-ENT"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s43163-021-00122-9","article-title":"Evaluating the frequency of anatomical variations of the Sinonasal region in pediatric and adult age groups according to gender: Computed tomography findings of 1532 cases","volume":"37","author":"Bora","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egypt J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.32448\/entupdates.508084","article-title":"Evaluation of anatomical variations on paranasal sinus CT","volume":"8","author":"Yazici","year":"2018","journal-title":"ENT Updates"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-15","first-page":"4","article-title":"The incidence of concha bullosa and its association with chronic rhinosinusitis, deviated nasal septum and osteomeatal complex obstruction","volume":"33","author":"Anazy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bahrain Med Bull"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.3950\/jibiinkoka.99.1136","article-title":"Volumetric measurement of the maxillary sinus by coronal CT scan","volume":"99","author":"Ikeda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-17","first-page":"535","article-title":"Concha bullosa in chronic sinusitis","volume":"60","author":"Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0234915","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234915","article-title":"Volumetric study of the maxillary sinus in patients with sinus pathology","volume":"15","author":"P\u00e9rez Say\u00e1ns","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2021.05.001","article-title":"The effect of anatomical variations of the sinonasal region on maxillary sinus volume and dimensions: A three-dimensional study","volume":"88","author":"Asantogrol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-20","first-page":"1550","article-title":"Volumetric analysis of the paranasal sinuses using CT among chronic sinusitis conditions","volume":"9","author":"Omer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasi.2014.04.007","article-title":"Measurements of maxillary sinus volumes and dimensions by computed tomography scan for gender determination","volume":"63","author":"Suresh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anat Soc India"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2019.49.1.45","article-title":"Concha bullosa, nasal septal deviation, and their impacts on maxillary sinus volume among Emirati people: A cone-beam computed tomography study","volume":"49","author":"Al-Rawi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Imaging Sci Dent"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2399\/jmu.2015003006","article-title":"Volumetric analysis of the maxillary sinus in pediatric patients with nasal septal deviation","volume":"5","author":"Senturk","year":"2016","journal-title":"ENT Updates"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-018-1425-1","article-title":"Classification of naso septal deviation angle and its clinical implications: A CT scan imaging study of Palakkad population, India","volume":"71","author":"Periyasamy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-39842006000500013","article-title":"Sinonasal complex: Radiological anatomy","volume":"39","author":"Souza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiol Bras"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-39842011000400012","article-title":"Anatomical variations of paranasal sinuses at multislice computed tomography: What to look for","volume":"44","author":"Miranda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiol Bras"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-27","first-page":"215","article-title":"Anatomical variations of paranasal sinuses on coronal CT-scan in subjects with complaints pertaining to PNS","volume":"11","author":"Lingaiah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Anat Radiol Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.900634","article-title":"Nasal septal deviation and concha bullosa-do they have an impact on maxillary sinus volumes and prevalence of maxillary sinusitis?","volume":"82","author":"Kucybala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200301000-00023","article-title":"The accuracy of computed tomography in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"113","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2006.09.003","article-title":"Volumetric evaluation of the paranasal sinuses in normal subjects using computer tomography images: A stereological study","volume":"34","author":"Emirzeoglu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.5455\/2320-6012.ijrms20141137","article-title":"Anatomical variations of sinonasal region: A CT scan study","volume":"2","author":"Thimmappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-014-0745-z","article-title":"Pneumatization of mastoid air cells, temporal bone, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses","volume":"66","author":"Hindi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Any correlation? Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-33","first-page":"98","article-title":"The impact of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on health status","volume":"42","author":"Salhab","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-34","first-page":"23","article-title":"Anatomical variations of sinonasal region: A coronal CT scan study","volume":"9","author":"Pradeep","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Contemp Med Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.5152\/imj.2013.74429","article-title":"Anatomic variations of the paranasal sinus region: Evaluation with multidetector CT","volume":"15","author":"Turna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Istanbul Med J"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-36","first-page":"97","article-title":"Assessment of anatomical variations of paranasal sinus region: A computed tomography study","volume":"5","author":"Ahanthem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Oral Care Res"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20161975","article-title":"Computed tomographic evaluation of anatomical variations of paranasal sinus region","volume":"4","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.9790\/0853-150713035","article-title":"Analytical study of anatomical variations of nose and PNS in CT scan and chronic sinusitis","volume":"15","author":"Dakshina","year":"2016","journal-title":"IOSR JDMS"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.18203\/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20212788","article-title":"Incidence of concha bullosa and its role in chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"7","author":"Lakshmi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-40","first-page":"777","article-title":"Influence of nasal septal deviation on incidence of bilateral sinusitis","volume":"26","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007961","article-title":"Experimental studies of the effect of nasal respiratory obstruction on ventilation of the maxillary sinus","volume":"65","author":"Bachert","year":"1986","journal-title":"Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg)"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20992","article-title":"A systematic analysis of septal deviation associated with rhinosinusitis","volume":"120","author":"Orlandi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-43","first-page":"125","article-title":"A three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT): A study of maxillary sinus in Malays","volume":"2","author":"Masri","year":"2013","journal-title":"CJBAS"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1080\/000164800750001080","article-title":"Morphometric study of the paranasal sinuses in normal and pathological conditions","volume":"120","author":"S\u00e1nchez Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-45","first-page":"S88","article-title":"A comparative study of the pneumatization of the mastoid air cells and the frontal and maxillary sinuses","volume":"10","author":"Thomas","year":"1989","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-11-8","article-title":"Computed tomography measurements of different dimensions of maxillary and frontal sinuses","volume":"11","author":"Sahlstrand-Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024\/ref-47","first-page":"763","article-title":"Anatomical variations of the lateral nasal wall and paranasal sinuses: A CT study for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in Thai patients","volume":"88","author":"Nitinavakarn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Imaging Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalimagingscience.org\/volumetric-analysis-of-maxillary-sinus-and-assessment-of-various-sinonasal-anatomic-variants-on-multi-detector-computed-tomography-mdct-and-their-association-with-chronic-rhinosinusitis\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalimagingscience.org\/volumetric-analysis-of-maxillary-sinus-and-assessment-of-various-sinonasal-anatomic-variants-on-multi-detector-computed-tomography-mdct-and-their-association-with-chronic-rhinosinusitis\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T05:09:42Z","timestamp":1731906582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalimagingscience.org\/volumetric-analysis-of-maxillary-sinus-and-assessment-of-various-sinonasal-anatomic-variants-on-multi-detector-computed-tomography-mdct-and-their-association-with-chronic-rhinosinusitis\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/JCIS_124_2024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/jcis_124_2024","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-5597","2156-7514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-5597","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2156-7514","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"article-number":"44"}}