{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:12:57Z","timestamp":1788055977283,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalimagingscience.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCIS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ductal carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> (DCIS) is a commonly encountered malignancy, accounting for approximately 20% of new breast cancer diagnoses in the United States. DCIS is characterized by a proliferation of tumor cells within the terminal duct lobular unit with preservation of the basement membrane. Typically nonpalpable and asymptomatic, DCIS is most often detected as calcifications on screening mammography. However, DCIS may also be noncalcified. When compared to calcified DCIS, noncalcified DCIS is more likely to be symptomatic, with patients most often presenting with nipple discharge or a palpable mass. Diagnosing noncalcified DCIS is challenging since it may be occult or subtle on mammography, and ultrasound findings can be nonspecific and may be interpreted as benign fibrocystic changes. In cases with a calcified component of DCIS, the extent of DCIS may be underestimated by mammography because not all involved areas may calcify. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), although less readily available than mammography and ultrasound, is advantageous in detecting noncalcified DCIS, especially high grade DCIS, which may not develop microcalcifications. MRI relies on abnormal contrast uptake due to tumor vascularity and changes in vessel density and permeability. This pictoral review presents the spectrum of imaging findings of noncalcified DCIS to assist radiologists in accurately detecting and describing its key imaging findings. Utilizing different modalities, we review the differential diagnoses for noncalcified DCIS, show illustrative cases of noncalcified DCIS, and discuss the importance of this entity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.25259\/jcis_48_2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T07:21:42Z","timestamp":1623828102000},"page":"34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Imaging of Noncalcified Ductal Carcinoma <i>In Situ<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ashley","family":"Bragg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalind","family":"Candelaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Adrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaiane","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lumarie","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Scoggins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Whitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2008.49.1.103","article-title":"Non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ: Ultrasound and mammographic findings correlated with histologic findings","volume":"49","author":"Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/jbi\/wbz039","article-title":"Ductal carcinoma in situ: Current concepts in biology, imaging, and treatment","volume":"1","author":"Shehata","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Breast Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.22.2.g02mr16269","article-title":"US of ductal carcinoma in situ","volume":"22","author":"Moon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0976","article-title":"Predictors of an invasive breast cancer recurrence after DCIS: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Visser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.01.013","article-title":"Microcalcifications in breast cancer: Lessons from physiological mineralization","volume":"53","author":"Cox","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-016-0739-7","article-title":"Non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis, digital mammography, and ultrasonography","volume":"24","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2012.09.003","article-title":"Screening-detected calcified and non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ: Differences in the imaging and histopathological features","volume":"68","author":"Mun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.01.008","article-title":"Ultrasound image classification of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast: Analysis of 705 DCIS lesions","volume":"43","author":"Watanabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasond Med Biol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-013-2598-7","article-title":"Clinicopathologic, mammographic, and sonographic features in 1,187 patients with pure ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast by estrogen receptor status","volume":"139","author":"Rauch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.306105510","article-title":"Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: MR imaging findings with histopathologic correlation","volume":"30","author":"Mossa-Basha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.336125055","article-title":"Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: Review of MR imaging features","volume":"33","author":"Greenwood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiographics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Imaging Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalimagingscience.org\/imaging-of-noncalcified-ductal-carcinoma\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalimagingscience.org\/imaging-of-noncalcified-ductal-carcinoma\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T12:14:50Z","timestamp":1679314490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalimagingscience.org\/imaging-of-noncalcified-ductal-carcinoma\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/JCIS_48_2021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/jcis_48_2021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-5597","2156-7514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-5597","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2156-7514","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"article-number":"34"}}