{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T21:03:51Z","timestamp":1780779831389,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["ruralneuropractice.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JNRP"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is based on the clinical symptoms and nerve conduction study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is non-invasive objective tool for assessing the median nerve and carpal tunnel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRI changes in patients with CTS, and compare them with healthy subjects.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Forty-three CTS patients and 43 age matched control were included and scanned in a 3T MRI scanner. Cross-sectional areas (CSA) of median nerve were measured at the level of distal radio-ulnar joint level (CSA1), proximal row of carpal bone (CSA2), and hook of hamate (CSA3). Flattening ratio (FR) of median nerve, thickness of flexor retinaculum, median nerve signal intensity, and thenar muscles were assessed. Fractional anisotropy (FA), average diffusion coefficient (ADC), and radial diffusivity (RD) of median nerve of CTS patients were obtained from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and compared with those of controls.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Thirty-three patients (76.7%) were female. Mean duration of the pain was 7.4 \u00b1 2.6 months. The mean CSA1 (13.2 \u00b1 4.2 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), CSA2 (12.5 \u00b1 3.5 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), and CSA3 (9.2 \u00b1 1.5 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) in CTS patients were significantly higher compared to control group: CSA1 (10.15 \u00b1 1.64 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), CSA2 (9.38 \u00b1 1.37 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), and CSA3 (8.4 \u00b1 0.9 mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001 in all). The mean FR of median nerve and thickness of flexor retinaculum were increased in CTS patients. The mean FA was reduced in CTS patients compared to control proximal to carpal tunnel and within the tunnel. Mean ADC and RD values were higher in CTS patients as compared to control for both levels.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>MRI can detect subtle changes in the median nerve and thenar muscles in CTS and may be useful in equivocal cases and to exclude secondary causes of CTS. DTI shows reduced FA and increased ADC and RD in CTS patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/jnrp_57_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T12:30:30Z","timestamp":1679315430000},"page":"302-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["MRI of wrist and diffusion tensor imaging of the median nerve in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Suprava","family":"Naik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siladitya","family":"Mahanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeev Kumar","family":"Bhoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuvraj","family":"Lahre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerbadyswari Deep","family":"Bag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudipta","family":"Mohakud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"77","author":"Aroori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ulster Med J"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-2","first-page":"10","article-title":"The relationship between sustained gripping and the development of Carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Ferrante","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fed Pract"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c110025","article-title":"Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases","volume":"2","author":"Booth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2014.04.008","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of the sural nerve in normal controls","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-6","first-page":"14","author":"Misra","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.173.3.10470903","article-title":"Sonography in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"173","author":"Duncan","year":"1999","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.04.1715","article-title":"Predictors of carpal tunnel syndrome: Accuracy of gray-scale and color Doppler sonography","volume":"186","author":"Mallouhi","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196648020-00001","article-title":"The carpal-tunnel syndrome. Seventeen years' experience in diagnosis and treatment of six hundred fifty-four hands","volume":"48","author":"Phalen","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2020.33.1.54","article-title":"The prognostic value of median nerve thickness in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome using magnetic resonance imaging: A pilot study","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1991.10.10.531","article-title":"High-resolution ultrasonography of the carpal tunnel","volume":"10","author":"Buchberger","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.AIAN_469_19","article-title":"Role of high frequency ultrasound in diagnosing Carpal tunnel syndrome as compared with conventional nerve conduction studies","volume":"23","author":"Singla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-014-0334-4","article-title":"Focal hand lesions: Review and radiological approach","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2016.40.6.1048","article-title":"Quantitative muscle ultrasonography in Carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2013.06.001","article-title":"3T diffusion tensor imaging and electroneurography of peripheral nerve: A morphofunctional analysis in carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Brienza","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21200","article-title":"Toward accurate diagnosis of white matter pathology using diffusion tensor imaging","volume":"57","author":"Budde","year":"2007","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.13371","article-title":"Optimal parameters and location for diffusion-tensor imaging in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: A prospective matched case-control study","volume":"204","author":"Kwon","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4261\/1305-3825.DIR.3994-10.1","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging in carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Tasdelen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111403","article-title":"Assessment of median nerve with MR neurography by using diffusion-tensor imaging: Normative and pathologic diffusion values","volume":"265","author":"Guggenberger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-2955-2","article-title":"3-T MRI with diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of the median nerve","volume":"23","author":"Barcelo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21553","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of the median nerve in healthy and carpal tunnel syndrome subjects","volume":"29","author":"Stein","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(01)00006-3","article-title":"Medical history of carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Michelsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110515","article-title":"False positive electrodiagnostic tests in carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Redmond","year":"1988","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.01.015","article-title":"The carpal insertions of the transverse carpal ligament","volume":"38","author":"Manley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.11.045","article-title":"Accessory hand muscles over the transverse carpal ligament: An obstacle in carpal tunnel surgery","volume":"170","author":"B\u00f6rekci","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ruralneuropractice.com\/mri-of-wrist-and-diffusion-tensor-imaging-of-the-median-nerve-in-patients-with-carpal-tunnel-syndrome\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ruralneuropractice.com\/mri-of-wrist-and-diffusion-tensor-imaging-of-the-median-nerve-in-patients-with-carpal-tunnel-syndrome\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T11:41:33Z","timestamp":1683114093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ruralneuropractice.com\/mri-of-wrist-and-diffusion-tensor-imaging-of-the-median-nerve-in-patients-with-carpal-tunnel-syndrome\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/JNRP_57_2022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/jnrp_57_2022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-3155","0976-3147"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-3155","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0976-3147","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"article-number":"302"}}