{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T02:17:14Z","timestamp":1755224234291,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["nmji.in"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMJI"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A joint tuberculosis\u2013tobacco collaborative was launched in India in 2017 to reduce the addictive habit of tobacco use among patients with tuberculosis (TB). We aimed to estimate the prevalence and predictors of smokeless tobacco use and its awareness among patients with pulmonary TB in Bhavnagar city, Gujarat, India.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We did a cross-sectional study among 258 randomly selected drug-sensitive pulmonary TB patients registered at the District TB Centre in Bhavnagar from April to October 2019. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey questionnaire was used for data collection. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of smokeless tobacco use.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among the 258 patients, 73% were male, 66% were married, 40% traveled for their occupation, 62% had a nuclear family, and 46% were illiterate. More than half (52%) the patients used smokeless tobacco: 44% were daily users and 8% were occasional users. On multivariable logistic regression, male gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2\u201311]), occupation requiring travel (aOR: 4 [95% CI: 2\u20137]), monthly income of \u20b93001\u20136000 (aOR: 0.2 [95% CI: 0.1\u20130.6]), \u20b99000\u201312 000 (aOR: 0.3 [95% CI: 0.1\u20130.9]) and above \u20b912 000 (aOR: 0.3 [95% CI: 0.1\u20130.8]) were significant predictors of smokeless tobacco use. Almost all (98%) of the participants were aware of the harmful effects of smokeless tobacco on health.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>More than half the patients with pulmonary TB used smokeless tobacco. The TB\u2013tobacco collaborative framework needs to be strengthened with brief counselling interventions for patients with TB using smokeless tobacco for collateral benefits in the control of TB in India.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/nmji_183_2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T12:02:05Z","timestamp":1755000125000},"page":"138-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Use of smokeless tobacco by patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis: The need for strengthening tuberculosis\u2013tobacco collaborative in India"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"ANTARA","family":"BANIK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MIHIR P.","family":"RUPANI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ATULKUMAR V.","family":"TRIVEDI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JIGNA D.","family":"DAVE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-1","article-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2022","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-2","article-title":"India TB Report 2022","author":"Central TB Division (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare)","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-3","volume-title":"Press Information Bureau Government of India","author":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030442","article-title":"Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030","volume":"3","author":"Mathers","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-5","article-title":"Tobacco-key facts","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-6","article-title":"WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000-2025","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-7","article-title":"National framework for joint TB-tobacco collaborative activities","author":"WHO Country Office for India","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-292","article-title":"Review of cigarette smoking and tuberculosis in China: Intervention is needed for smoking cessation among tuberculosis patients","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1617-9625-8-3","article-title":"Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Penang State and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","volume":"8","author":"Awaisu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-019-01252-x","article-title":"Trends in tobacco consumption in India 1987-2016: Impact of the World Health Organization framework convention on tobacco control","volume":"64","author":"Suliankatchi Abdulkader","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_183_2022\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyi196","article-title":"Tobacco associated mortality in Mumbai (Bombay) India. 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