{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T23:09:30Z","timestamp":1793228970600,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["nmji.in"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMJI"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Fundus examination is an integral part of the clinical evaluation of patients with medical emergencies. It is done at the bedside using a portable direct ophthalmoscope. Smartphone fundus photography (SFP) is a novel technique of retinal imaging. We evaluated the use of SFP by a physician in medical emergencies and compared it with direct ophthalmoscopy (DO) findings of the ophthalmologist.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We did a prospective study on patients admitted with medical emergencies with an indication for fundus examination. The SFP was done by the physician, and its findings were noted. These were compared with the DO findings of the ophthalmologist.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of the 182 patients studied, 111 (61%) had fundus findings by SFP and 95 (52.5%) by DO. Papilloedema (21.4%), haemorrhages (20%) and Roth spots (12.5%) were most common. DO missed early papilloedema and findings in the peripheral retina.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>SFP is as effective as DO, in detecting retinal findings in patients with medical emergencies and can be performed at the bedside by the physician.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/nmji_208_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T10:15:22Z","timestamp":1715940922000},"page":"291-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Smartphone fundus photography by a physician in medical emergencies: An analytical cross-sectional study of 182 patients"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"PRADEEP","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. DEEPAK","family":"AMALNATH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NIRUPAMA","family":"KASTURI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s40135-018-0162-7","article-title":"Smartphone assisted fundus fundoscopy\/photography","volume":"6","author":"Barikian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Ophthalmol Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2015.0068","article-title":"Fundus photography in the 21st century-A review of recent technological advances and their implications for worldwide healthcare","volume":"22","author":"Panwar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.194325","article-title":"Do it yourself smartphone fundus camera-DIYretCAM","volume":"64","author":"Raju","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2011.01147.x","article-title":"Feasibility of non-mydriatic ocular fundus photography in the emergency department: Phase I of the FOTO-ED study","volume":"18","author":"Bruce","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.4625","article-title":"Clinical validation of a smartphone-based adapter for optic disc imaging in Kenya","volume":"134","author":"Bastawrous","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.2923","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of community-based diabetic retinopathy screening with an offline artificial intelligence system on a smartphone","volume":"137","author":"Natarajan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19711","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56155-x","article-title":"Non-contact smartphone-based fundus imaging compared to conventional fundus imaging: A low-cost alternative for retinopathy of prematurity screening and documentation","volume":"9","author":"Wintergerst","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.12.025","article-title":"Comparison of nonmydriatic digital retinal imaging versus dilated ophthalmic examination for nondiabetic eye disease in persons with diabetes","volume":"113","author":"Chow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000303","article-title":"Smartphone-based fundus imaging-where are we now?","volume":"9","author":"Wintergerst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"10.25259\/NMJI_208_21\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001354","article-title":"Ocular fundus photography with a smartphone device in acute hypertension","volume":"35","author":"Muiesan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hypertens"}],"container-title":["The National Medical 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