{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T19:59:44Z","timestamp":1768420784050,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["nmji.in"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMJI"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is minimal literature on the spectrum and long-term outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) from tropical countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with AKI without underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD), were recruited from March 2017 to December 2018 to assess their outcomes. Survivors were followed for a year post-discharge. A linear model with fixed effects was created to compare the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) trajectories of patients with and without CKD at the end of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 529 patients with AKI were recruited, of which 288 (54.4%) were hospital-acquired AKI. Infections and sepsis were the most common aetiologies for community-acquired AKI and hospital-acquired AKI. The overall mortality rate was 42.9% (n=227). The ICU stay (HR 1.78; 95% CI 1.08\u20132.93), mechanical ventilation (HR 1.98; 95% CI 1.09\u20133.54), and the requirement for inotropic support (HR 2.36; 95% CI 1.65\u20133.39) were independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality. Among 156 subjects with long-term follow-up, 70 (44.9%) developed CKD after a median follow-up of 12 months. Age (p&lt;0.001) and hospital-acquired AKI (p=0.014) were significant predictors, whereas ICU stay and comorbid conditions did not influence the GFR trajectories. CKD patients showed a lower eGFR from the first follow-up (p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AKI is associated with significant mortality. Even after an apparent recovery, around half the survivors progress to CKD at the end of 1 year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/nmji_295_2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T11:34:15Z","timestamp":1768390455000},"page":"23-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical spectrum and intermediate outcomes of community and hospital-acquired acute kidney injury: A single centre study"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"NAVEEN 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