{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:31:00Z","timestamp":1792654260903,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n<jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Perioperative hypothermia is linked to multiple postoperative complications including increased surgical bleeding, surgical site infection, myocardial events, and increased length of hospital stay. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of forced-air warming blanket position, above the shoulders versus under the trunk\/legs, on intraoperative core body temperature and perioperative complications in elective lumbar spine surgery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>After IRB approval, patients were enrolled in a consecutive fashion and randomized to either upper body (Group I) or lower body (Group II) groups. Primary outcomes were intraoperative body temperature, incidence of hypothermia, postoperative complications, and infection. Secondary outcomes included blood loss, operative time, and length of stay.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Seventy-four patients were included (Group I, 38; Group II, 36, mean age 60.7 years, 54% of male). Average patient follow-up was 69 \u00b1 33.6 days in Group I and 67 \u00b1 34.6 days in Group II. Average intraoperative body temperature was 35.7 in Group I and 35.8 in Group II (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.27). Incidence of critical hypothermia (T &lt; 35\u00b0C) was 18.4% and 11.1% in Groups I and II, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.52). Incidence of mild hypothermia (T: 35\u00b0C\u201336\u00b0C) was 34.2% and 30.56% in Groups I and II, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.81). Separately, pooled analysis comparing average body temperature and incidence infection demonstrated a relationship between mild hypothermia and infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Compared to using a lower body Bair Hugger under the patient, using standard upper body Bair Hugger may be associated with increased surgical site infection. Given equivalent body warming, we recommend using the lower body Bair Hugger to avoid infection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_102_2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T08:55:54Z","timestamp":1575017754000},"page":"229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of forced-air warming blanket position in elective lumbar spine surgery: Intraoperative body temperature and postoperative complications"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Morenikeji Ayodele","family":"Buraimoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alysa","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bailey","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Yousaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelley","family":"Banagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Gelb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Schreibman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.01.005","article-title":"Normothermia in arthroplasty","volume":"32","author":"Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-2","first-page":"259","article-title":"Unintended perioperative hypothermia","volume":"11","author":"Hart","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605093341901","article-title":"Perioperative normothermia to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection and shorten hospitalization. Study of wound infection and temperature group","volume":"334","author":"Kurz","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2009.06.006","article-title":"Active warming systems to maintain perioperative normothermia in hip replacement surgery: A therapeutic aid or a vector of infection?","volume":"73","author":"Moretti","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.17245\/jdapm.2015.15.4.193","article-title":"Clinical considerations in the use of forced-air warming blankets during orthognathic surgery to avoid postanesthetic shivering","volume":"15","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dent Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-6","first-page":"275","article-title":"Forced-air warming design: Evaluation of intake filtration, internal microbial buildup, and airborne-contamination emissions","volume":"81","author":"Reed","year":"2013","journal-title":"AANA J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2008.07.005","article-title":"Perioperative complications of hypothermia","volume":"22","author":"Reynolds","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90466-3","article-title":"Mild hypothermia increases blood loss and transfusion requirements during total hip arthroplasty","volume":"347","author":"Schmied","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31817f6d76","article-title":"Temperature monitoring and perioperative thermoregulation","volume":"109","author":"Sessler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_102_2019\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2008.07.006","article-title":"Thermal management during anaesthesia and thermoregulation standards for the prevention of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia","volume":"22","author":"Torossian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/effect-of-forced-air-warming-blanket-position-in-elective-lumbar-spine-surgery-intraoperative-body-temperature-and-postoperative-complications\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/effect-of-forced-air-warming-blanket-position-in-elective-lumbar-spine-surgery-intraoperative-body-temperature-and-postoperative-complications\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T08:55:57Z","timestamp":1575017757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/effect-of-forced-air-warming-blanket-position-in-elective-lumbar-spine-surgery-intraoperative-body-temperature-and-postoperative-complications\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_102_2019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_102_2019","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"article-number":"229"}}