{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T10:33:52Z","timestamp":1773398032515,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Full-endoscopic lumbar surgery has become an established minimally invasive alternative for treating degenerative disc disease (DDD). However, most published data originate from high-resource settings, and little is known about its morbidity profile in developing countries. This study aimed to characterize the complication patterns and perioperative outcomes of interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar endoscopy performed in a Brazilian reference center.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n A retrospective, consecutive case series of 219 patients who underwent lumbar endoscopy between May 2021 and November 2024 was analyzed. Patients were divided into interlaminar (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 112) and transforaminal (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 107) groups. Demographic, operative, and clinical data were extracted from a prospective institutional database. Outcomes included intraoperative and postoperative complications, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and paresthesia assessed by the Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs (LANSS). Statistical analyses were performed with a 5% significance level.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Both approaches achieved significant postoperative VAS improvement (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Paresthesia occurred exclusively in the transforaminal group (20.6%), with a mean LANSS of 15.2 \u00b1 4.3, all resolving spontaneously. One transient sympathetic alteration and one 30-mL epidural hematoma were managed conservatively. Two reoperations were endoscopic revisions for recurrent herniation. The transforaminal group had a higher rate of two-level surgeries (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01) and mild intraoperative nerve root injuries (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.031). Hospitalization time was short and comparable between groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Lumbar endoscopy for DDD is a safe and effective technique in a developing-country context, with low morbidity and transient, self-limited neurological complications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_1166_2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:02:33Z","timestamp":1773392553000},"page":"134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Safety and morbidity of full-endoscopic lumbar surgery in a developing country: A comparative study of 219 cases"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Reinaldo","family":"Rodrigues Pamplona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia - Instituto do C\u00e9rebro, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinicius","family":"Santos Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.11.005","article-title":"The PROCESS 2020 guideline: Updating consensus preferred reporting of CasESeries in surgery (PROCESS) guidelines","volume":"84","author":"Agha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4103\/isj.isj_29_19","article-title":"Transforaminal endoscopic surgery in lumbar spine technical aspects, current status, and evolving scope","volume":"3","author":"Bhanot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian Spine J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e260636","DOI":"10.1590\/s1808-185120222201260636","article-title":"Interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy-clinical outcome","volume":"22","author":"Bonafim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coluna\/Columna"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1159\/000375499","article-title":"Long-term results of various operations for lumbar disc herniation: analysis of over 39,000 patients","volume":"24","author":"Dohrmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-5","first-page":"324","article-title":"Monocentric experience of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy and foraminotomy outcomes: Pushing the indications and avoiding failure","volume":"69","author":"Grieco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Report of 200 cases. 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novel techniques and recent advancements","author":"Streba","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-14","first-page":"531","article-title":"Transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: Outcome and complications in 270 cases","volume":"64","author":"Tacconi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-15","first-page":"33","article-title":"Inside-out technique of transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD)","volume":"4","author":"Tezuka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mini-Invasive Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-16","first-page":"E255","article-title":"Awake, transforaminal endoscopic lumbar spine surgery in octogenarians: Case series","volume":"25","author":"Telfeian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-17","first-page":"1287","article-title":"Full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy: Clinical outcomes and complication rates","volume":"19","author":"Wasinpongwanich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.14444\/8163","article-title":"Interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a narrative review","volume":"15","author":"Won","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-19","first-page":"3","article-title":"Transforaminal endoscopic decompression for painful degenerative conditions of the lumbar spine: A review of one surgeon\u2019s experience with over 10,000 cases since 1991","volume":"6","author":"Yeung","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Spine Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e263326","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-785220233105e263326","article-title":"Efficacy of full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal discectomy for lumber disc herniation","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Ortop Bras"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/safety-and-morbidity-of-full-endoscopic-lumbar-surgery-in-a-developing-country-a-comparative-study-of-219-cases\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/safety-and-morbidity-of-full-endoscopic-lumbar-surgery-in-a-developing-country-a-comparative-study-of-219-cases\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:02:39Z","timestamp":1773392559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/safety-and-morbidity-of-full-endoscopic-lumbar-surgery-in-a-developing-country-a-comparative-study-of-219-cases\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_1166_2025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_1166_2025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806","2229-5097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2229-5097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"article-number":"134"}}