{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:00:04Z","timestamp":1793059204231,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["surgicalneurologyint.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a life-saving intervention for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), but often results in large cranial defects leading to syndrome of the trephined (ST)- a neurological condition characterized by headaches, cognitive decline, and motor deficits caused by atmospheric pressure acting on the unshielded brain.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Case Description:<\/jats:title>\n \n This report describes a 45-year-old male who developed debilitating post-craniectomy headaches and cognitive deficits. While preoperative imaging suggested cerebral atrophy, the diagnosis of ST was confirmed by distinguishing reversible parenchymal compression from permanent atrophy, paradoxical herniation, and hydrocephalus. A custom 3D-printed titanium implant featuring a novel\n in situ<\/jats:italic>\n -generated selenium nanoparticle (SeNP) surface was used to repair the defect. Following the procedure, the patient experienced a complete resolution of his headaches (Visual Analog Scale score 8\/10 to 0\/10) and a significant functional recovery.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Postoperative imaging demonstrated rapid cerebral re-expansion and normalization of ventricular caliber, validating the mechanical etiology of the deficits. This case is unique in its application of nanostructured SeNP technology to enhance biocompatibility and highlights the importance of distinguishing dynamic compression from static atrophy in TBI recovery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_1167_2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:19:58Z","timestamp":1780053598000},"page":"317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cranioplasty with a 3D-printed titanium implant for post-decompressive craniectomy syndrome: A case report"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vuong","family":"Tran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Decompressive craniectomy and traumatic brain injury: A review","volume":"1","author":"Alvis-Miranda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull Emerg Trauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-2","first-page":"e80922","article-title":"Outcome of early cranioplasty in trephine syndrome or paradoxical brain herniation: A case report and literature review","volume":"17","author":"Ashfaq","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.1080\/01694243.2018.1490067","article-title":"Surface modifications of the titanium mesh for cranioplasty using selenium nanoparticles coating","volume":"32","author":"Cavalu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Adhes Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-4","article-title":"TBI Data","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4731","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15144731","article-title":"Low-cost cranioplasty-a systematic review of 3D printing in medicine","volume":"15","author":"Czy\u017cewski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01106","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1106","article-title":"Timing for cranioplasty to improve neurological outcome: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"De Cola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200412000-00014","article-title":"Epilepsy after head injury","volume":"17","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3235","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0062","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic effects of traumatic brain injury","volume":"38","author":"Haarbauer-Krupa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.13004\/kjnt.2014.10.1.10","article-title":"Resorption of autogenous bone graft in cranioplasty: Resorption and reintegration failure","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864385","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.864385","article-title":"Cranioplasty: A multidisciplinary approach","volume":"9","author":"Mee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_120_2020","article-title":"Can early cranioplasty reduce the incidence of hydrocephalus after decompressive craniectomy? A meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Nasi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-021-01147-6","article-title":"Cranioplasty following severe traumatic brain injury: Role in neurorecovery","volume":"21","author":"Ozoner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.08.043","article-title":"Predictors of clinical outcomes in autologous cranioplasty","volume":"167","author":"Safi","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1713","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1713","article-title":"Posttraumatic hydrocephalus: Recent advances and new therapeutic strategies","volume":"6","author":"Sanker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3862","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14183862","article-title":"Comparison of titanium and PEEK medical plastic implant materials for their bacterial biofilm formation properties","volume":"14","author":"Sarfraz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2024.100405","article-title":"Intracranial pressure changes in traumatic brain injury patients undergoing unilateral decompressive craniectomy with dural expansion","volume":"24","author":"Shahrom","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Neurosurg X"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.110477","article-title":"Paradoxical brain herniation following decompressive craniectomy: A case series and systematic review of literature","volume":"125","author":"Taheri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.1.JNS232172","article-title":"Early versus delayed cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: A multicenter observational study within CENTER-TBI and Net-QuRe","volume":"141","author":"Vreeburg","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926436","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.926436","article-title":"Outcome and risk factors of complications after cranioplasty with polyetheretherketone and titanium mesh: A single-center retrospective study","volume":"13","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/cranioplasty-with-a-3d-printed-titanium-implant-for-post-decompressive-craniectomy-syndrome-a-case-report\/","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/cranioplasty-with-a-3d-printed-titanium-implant-for-post-decompressive-craniectomy-syndrome-a-case-report\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:20:01Z","timestamp":1780053601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/cranioplasty-with-a-3d-printed-titanium-implant-for-post-decompressive-craniectomy-syndrome-a-case-report\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.25259\/SNI_1167_2025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/sni_1167_2025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806","2229-5097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2229-5097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"article-number":"317"}}